Özet:

Pre-school education structures; to ensure the mental, physical, social and spiritual development of children; they are important institutions to take the necessary measures in terms of care, shelter, health and nutrition and to prepare them for education life. These places, called kindergartens and nurseries, have a great impact in terms of providing opportunities for children to research, socialize, explore and develop their imaginations. Pre-school childhood period; it is a period in which most of their social-emotional, psycho-motor, mental and language development is completed, their characters are formed, they start learning permanently and they are in constant interaction with their environment. For this reason, it is necessary to design spaces that appeal to children's wishes and needs for their development in every aspect. Depending on the physical environment variables of the elements such as color, form and texture, 'Spatial Perception', which covers the relationships between the physical variables of the space and the psychological factors; the dimensional perception that creates different dimensional effects, the thermal perception reflected in the design by making use of the invariable bond between color and heat, the visual perception that is effective on vision depending on the direction and intensity of the light, and the different effects of the materials used according to the echo and reflection time are explained as auditory perception. From this point of view, the material, color, size, shape, texture and light factors that affect the visual perception in the space have been determined as space design criteria. It is aimed to reveal that the design of spaces suitable for the development, body size and needs of children who are in constant interaction with educational spaces is important for children's mental and cognitive development. In this study, the research of the contribution of the interior design of educational buildings to the cognitive development of preschool children and the design of the educational buildings according to the determined space design criteria are considered as a problem. A literature review was created with theoretical research and document analysis. As a result of the study, the points to be considered in line with the interior design criteria of educational buildings that will support the cognitive development of children are stated.

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