Özet:

In the beginning of the 20th century, in the Transylvanian churches in the Balkan Peninsula, the 16th-17th dated to the centuries, nearly 400 carpets belonging to the early and classical periods of the Ottoman Carpet Weaving, have been identified. These carpets generally attract attention with the size of prayer rugs and their pattern composition. There are many different groups among the Ottoman rugs found in Transylvania. Among these, Uschak Rugs with White Grounds are quite a different group. It is thought that these carpets were woven in the province of Uşak in the past, and in the town of Selendi, which is connected to the province of Manisa today. The pattern compositions of Uschak carpets with a white background are named as bird, Chintamani, triple points and scorpion. In Ottoman documents and records, such as the Es'ar Book of 1640, other carpets are mentioned, apart from carpets with scorpion motifs. World-renowned carpet experts such as Kurt Erdmann, Ferenc Batári, Marino Dall'Oglio, Stefano Ionescu, Michael Franses admit that although there is no record of the Scorpion motif carpets, these carpets were woven in the same workshop as other carpets in Selendi. World-renowned carpet experts argue that the scorpion-patterned carpets and other white-based Selendi carpets have the same material, technique, application properties and colour similarities. Foreign researchers have defined the scorpion motif as the scorpion, the crab, the struggle of two geometrically stylized animals. The scorpion motif was developed in a square unit, and it was placed between the motifs forming columns in the area in the middle of the carpet in full and staggering repeats. Straight, interrupted and diagonal lines were used in the creation of the motifs. The aim of choosing the subject of “An Unknown Group of White-Ground Uschak Rugs: Selendi Carpets with Scorpion Motifs” as a research; the fact that it has not been noticed before in research and publications on Turkish Carpet Weaving in our country. The absence of a sample of this carpet group in Turkey is a deficiency for Turkish Carpet Weaving. There are four different examples in museums and collections abroad. In addition, there are international publications that are considered to be pioneers in this field. In this study, the motif and pattern feature of Selendi Rugs with Scorpion Motifs, which are among the White Ground Uschak Rugs, which are among the Ottoman Uschak Rugs, which are unknown and unrecognized in our country, will be examined. The reasons for these carpets to be found in Transylvanian churches and the geographical and social structure of the region will be investigated.

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