Özet:

Mesopotamia, the cradle of the civilization, has the feature of being the first region on which first written rules of law were created. When written law texts of Mesopotamia are analyzed, it is seen that those who had the political power made use of law codes by blending them with "religious rules" to govern the public and to make them obey. The legicitimacy of the rulers is also religious in such a process and a theocratic system is valid in governing of the state. At the same time, in the theocratic ruling of the state which was set up by the Sumerians first, dUTU as the sun god was also the protector of justice. In the law text of Ur-Nammu, dUTU appears as the protector of justice. Additionally, it is also possible to see the traces of god and religion in the codes of ana-İtušu, Lipitİštar, Ešnunna and Hammurabi in Mesopotamia and prologue and epilogue parts of Middle Assyrian law codes

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