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Apolipoprotein molekülleri, metabolizmamız için öneminin yanı sıra bazı hastalıklar içinde önemli biyolojik biyo-belirteçlerdendir. Özellikle Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) bu konuda en fazla çalışılan moleküllerin başında gelmektedir. Literatür incelemesi yaptığımızda serum ApoE seviyeleri ile spor ve egzersiz arasında ilişki kurulmuş, ancak bu proteini kodlayan APOE geni ile ilgili kısıtlı çalışma olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda, sporcuların nörobilişsel ve atletik performans üzerine etkisi olduğu düşünülen ve ApoE genindeki ε2/ε3/ε4 varyantlarının Türk futbolcularda dağılımlarını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Çalışmamıza aktif futbol oynayan 18-24 yaş arası 22 profesyonel Türk kökenli futbolcu katıldı. Gerekli etik kurul izinleri alındıktan sonra çalışma protokolunu, sonuç ve çıktılarını anlatan onam formları imzalatıldıktan sonra sporculardan DNA izolasyonu gerçekleştirildi. ApoE genotiplemesi gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (GZ-PZR) metodu ile gerçekleştirilerek sporculardaki genotip dağılımları belirlendi. Bu dağılımların belirlenmesinde APOE rs429358 ve rs7412 polimorfizmlerin oluşturduğu haplo gruplar değerlendirilmiştir. Kohortumuzda APOE ε3/ε3 genotipi diğer genotiplere göre daha baskın olarak bulunmuştur. 1 sporcuda ε2/ε3 (%4.5), 1 sporcuda ε2/ε4 (%4.5), 13 sporcuda ε3/ε3 (%59) ve 7 sporcunun ε3/ε4 (%32) genotipinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Futbolcularda ε2/ε2 ve ε4/ε4 genotiplerine rastlanmamıştır. Kohortumuzda en yaygın allel olan ε3 ve ε3/ε3 genotipi diğer allel ve genotiplere göre daha baskın olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma grubumuzda ε2/ε2 ve ε4/ε4 genotiplerine hiç rastlanmamıştır. Çalışma grubumuzdan elde edilen sonuçlara göre ε3/ε3 genotipinin futbolcularda daha baskın olmasının futbol biyolojisi ile ilişkili olabileceği sonucuna varmamızı sağlamıştır.
Apolipoprotein molecules, as well as their importance for our metabolism, are important biological indicators in some diseases. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) comes in the head of the molecules that are processed with this konudafase. When we conducted a literature study, there was a relationship between the Serum ApoE levels and sports and exercise, but there was a limited study of the APOE gene that coded this protein. In our study, we aimed at determining the distribution of the variants e2/e3/e4 in the ApoE gene, which is considered to have an impact on the athletic and athletic performance of athletes in Turkish footballers. 22 professional Turkish footballers aged 18 to 24 who participated in our work. After the required ethical board permits were obtained, the work protocol, the results and outcomes of the approval forms were signed, DNA isolation from the athletes was carried out. ApoE genotyplemesis was performed in real-time polymerase chain reaction (GZ-PZR) method, determining the genotype distribution in athletes. In the determination of these divisions, the haplo groups formed by APOE rs429358 and rs7412 polymorphisms were evaluated. In our cohort, the APOE ε3/ε3 genotype was found more prevalent than other genotypes. 1 athlete was ε2/ε3 (4.5 %), 1 athlete was ε2/ε4 (4.5 %), 13 athletes were ε3/ε3 (59 %) and 7 athletes were ε3/ε4 (32 %). There are no genotypes of ε2/ε2 and ε4/ε4. The genotypes ε3 and ε3/ε3 are found to be more prevalent than the other genotypes and allels in our cohort. Genotypes ε2/ε2 and ε4/ε4 have never been found in our study group. According to the results of our study group, the conclusion that the genotype e3/e3 is more prevalent in footballers may be associated with football biology.
In addition to its importance for human metabolism, apolipoprotein molcules are one of the most important biological biomarkers in certain diseases. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is one of the most widely studied molecules in this field. When we examined the literature, we found a relationship between serum ApoE levels and sports and exercise, but there was limited study of the APOE gene that encodes this protein. In this study, we aimed to determine the distribution of ε2 / ε3 / ε4 variants in the APOE gene in Turkish soccer players, which is thought to have an effect on athletic and neurocognitive performances. Twentytwo professional Turkish footballers between 18-24 years of age, still playing active football participated in the study. After obtaining the necessary ethics committee permissions, consent forms explaining the study protocol, results and outputs were signed and DNA isolation was performed from the athletes. APOE genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) method to determine genotype distributions in athletes. In determining these distributions, haplo groups formed by APOE rs429358 and rs7412 polymorphisms were evaluated. In our cohort, the APOE ε3/ ε3 genotype was found to be more dominant than the other genotypes. One player had ε2/ ε3 (4.5%), one had ε2/ ε4 (4.5%), 13 had ε3/ ε3 (59%) and 7 had ε3/ ε4 (32%) genotypes. No ε2/ ε2 and ε4/ ε4 genotypes were found in football players. The most common allele ε3 and ε3/ ε3 genotype was more dominant than other alleles and genotypes. In our study group, we detected no ε2/ ε2 and ε4/ ε4 genotypes. According to the results, the predominance of ε3/ ε3 genotype in footballers may be related to football biology.
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