Özet:

In order to develop industry after World War II, Germany tried to meet the necessary workforce from the less developed southern neighboring countries by taking external migrations. Thus, between 1968 and 1955, Germany signed labor agreements with eight Mediterranean countries: with Italy in 1955, Spain, Greece in 1960, Turkey in 1961, Morocco in 1963, Portugal in 1964, Tunisia in 1965 and Yugoslavia in 1968. Federal labor migration from Turkey to Germany began with the Work Force Agreement signed on October 30, 1961. The Turks initially worked for a few years and planned to save money and return to their countries. The Germans considered the Turks and other immigrant groups as temporary and they were not interested in their education and integration. Later, Germany, understanding the importance of integration for both immigrants and its own, recognized that it was an immigrant country and that the integration of the growing number of migrants over the years had significant political and social challenges in the past and next years, and on 1 January 2005, it introduced the new immigration law. Together with the new immigration law, the German State opened integration courses for immigrants under the principle of "Incentive and Demand". These courses aimed at teaching the German language, German legal system, culture and history successfully. The aim of this study is to examine the content of integration courses applied to Turkish who immigrated to Germany by family reunification on January 1, 2005. In this study, literature research technique was employed and in this context, new immigration law, residence law, Federal Migration and Refugee Office archive and other German and Turkish sources were examined. According to the findings, the content of integration courses were grouped under two main headings. One of them was language course and the other was orientation course. As a result, a total of 147,594 integration courses were opened in Germany until September 2018, with 233,211 Turkish citizens attending these courses and in the language examinations held from 2012 until the first half of 2018, it has been observed that a total of 889,404 participants have reached 556,650 B1 and 249,348 persons reached A2 level.

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