Hindistanlı velûd bir âlim olan Şah Veliyyullah ed-Dehlevî’nin (ö. 1176/1762) pek çok alanda tam sayısı tespit edilemeyen birçok eseri vardır. Bunlardan biri tefsir usulü alanında telif etmiş olduğu el-Fevżu’l-Kebîr fî Usûli’t-Tefsîr adlı aslı Farsça olan eseridir. Söz konusu eserin bir bölümünde müellif, Suyûtî’nin (ö. 911/1506) el-İtkân’ında yirmi bir adetle sınırlandırdığı mensûh âyetleri tekrar gözden geçirerek bu sayıyı beşe indirmektedir. Bu meyanda değinilen âyetlerden biri Bakara sûresinin 185. âyetiyle neshedildiği kebul edilen 184. âyetidir. Tefsir literatüründe, önce bu âyetin nâzil olduğu ve Müslümanlara oruç tutmakla her güne karşılık bir miskine fidye vermek arasında muhayyerlik hakkı tanındığı belirtilmektedir. Daha sonra sûrenin 185. âyetiyle bu hüküm kaldırılarak orucun tutulması kesin bir şekilde emredilmiştir. Dehlevî söz konusu âyetin mensûh olmadığı görüşündedir çünkü ona göre bu âyette fıtır sadakasından bahsedilmektedir. Bu makale bahis mevzuu meseleye dair bir tahlili içermektedir. Gördüğümüz kadarıyla müfessirler arasında böyle sıra dışı bir fikir ve yaklaşım tarzına sahip kimse yoktur. Müellifin bütün rivâyet külliyatını ve ulemanın görüşlerini göz ardı eden bu yorumu son derece dikkat çekicidir. Bunun ilmî kriterler açısından sağlıklı bir yorum metodolojisine dayandığı ise söylenemez. Bu çerçevede mensûh âyetleri mümkün mertebe azaltma çabasının onu böyle bir yaklaşım tarzına sevk ettiği düşünülebilir. Ayrıca onun bu yaklaşım tarzında tasavvufî yöneliminin ve işârî tefsir geleneğinin dolaylı da olsa etkili olmuş olabileceği ihtimali gözden kaçırılmamalıdır.
Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (d. 1176/1762), a scholar from India, has a multitude of works that cannot be determined in many areas. One of them is a work "al-Fawż al-Kabir Fi Usul al-Tafsir", which was written in the field of usul al-tafsir, the original language of which is Persian. In a part of the mentioned work he reviews mansukh verses which are limited to twenty-one in Suyuti's (d. 911/1505) al-Itqan and reduces them to five. One of the verses referred to in this chapter is the 184th verse, which is accepted to have been abrogated by the 185th verse of the surah al-Baqara. In the Tafsir literature, it is stated that verse 184th was before and that Muslims were given the right to choose between fasting or feeding a needy person for each fasting day. This judgment was later abolished by the 185th verse of the same surah and fasting was ordered (fard). Dehlawi thinks that this verse was not mansukh because according to him, this verse refers to the sadaqa al-fitr. This article contains an analysis of the aforementioned issue. As far as we can see, there is no one else who has such an unusual opinion and an approach. It is very interesting that the author makes this interpretation by ignoring all the narratives (riwayahs) of Sahaba (friends of Prophet Muhammad [pbuh]) and the opinions of the Islamic scholars. It cannot be said that this is based on a sound interpretation methodology in terms of scientific criteria. Within this framework, it can be thought that the effort to reduce the abrogated verses as much as possible leads to such an approach. Also, it should not be overlooked that in this approach, his Sufi orientation and the tradition of Ishari/mystical interpretation may have been effective, even if indirectly.
Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (d. 1176/1762), a scholar from India, has a multitude of works that cannot be determined in many areas. One of them is a work “al-Fawż al-Kabir Fi Usul al-Tafsir”, which was written in the field of usul al-tafsir, the original language of which is Persian. In a part of the mentioned work he reviews mansukh verses which are limited to twenty-one in Suyuti’s (d. 911/1505) al-Itqan and reduces them to five. One of the verses referred to in this chapter is the 184th verse, which is accepted to have been abrogated by the 185th verse of the surah al-Baqara. In the Tafsir literature, it is stated that verse 184th was before and that Muslims were given the right to choose between fasting or feeding a needy person for each fasting day. This judgement (hukm) was later abolished by the 185th verse of the same surah and fasting was ordained (fard). Dehlawi thinks that this verse was not mansukh because according to him, this verse refers to the sadaqa al-fitr. This article contains an analysis of the aforementioned issue. As far as we can see, there is no one else who has such an unusual opinion and an approach. It is very interesting that the author’s making this interpretation by ignoring all the narratives (riwayahs) of sahaba (friends of prophet Muhammad [pbuh]) and the opinions of the Islamic scholars. It cannot be said that this is based on a sound interpretation methodology in terms of scientific criteria. Within this framework, it can be thought that the effort to reduce the abrogated verses as much as possible leads to such an approach. Also, it should not be overlooked that in this approach, his Sufi orientation and the tradition of ishari/mystical tafsir may have been effective, even if indirectly.
Field : İlahiyat
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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