Özet İslâm düşünce muhitinde akıl hakkında geliştirilen kelâmî, felsefî ve tasavvufî düşüncelerin, Hanefî usûlcülerin akıl tasavvuru üzerinde etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Hanefî usûlünün kurucu isimlerinden Debûsî’nin yaptığı akıl tarifi, Serahsî ve Pezdevî tarafından revize edilerek benimsenmiş ve bu haliyle Hanefî literatürünü etkilemiştir. Sonraki dönem Hanefî âlimleri, filozoflar tarafından geliştirilen dört mertebeli akıl anlayışı ile ilk devir Hanefî usulcülerinin akıl tasavvurunu birleştirerek fıkıh usulü tarihinde önemli bir sentez gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Akıl, akıl mertebeleri, mükellefiyet, akl bi’l-meleke, Debûsî, Serahsî, Pezdevî, Sadruşşeria. Abstract The ideas about intellect developed by the Muslim theologians (mutakallimun), philosophers and the Sufis had an impact on the conception of Hanafite legal theorists of the intellect. The definition of the intellect (‘aql) put forth by one of the early founding figures of Hanafi legal theory (usul al-fiqh), Abu Zayd ad-Dabusi was adopted and advanced by two classical authorities of this tradition, namely as-Sarakhsi and al-Pazdawi. Their formulation of the definition of intellect heavily affected post-classical Hanafi ideas as presented in the genre of usul al-fiqh. The scholars who came after as-Sarakhsi and al-Pazdawi however made a synthesis between the idea of the stages of intellect as developed by the Muslim philosophical tradition and the definition of intellect by the classical Hanafi legal theorists. Key Words: Intellect, stages of intellect, obligation, intellect in habitu, Dabusi, Sarakhsi, Pazdawi, Sadr al-Shari‘a.
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