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Kendi dönemi ve yaşadığı coğrafya içerisinde özgünlüğü ile öne çıkan Mehmet Siyah Kalem’in 14. ve 15. Yüzyıllar arasında çeşitli tarihsel ve kültürel zenginliklere ev sahibi olan tarihi İpek Yolu’nun ana kavşaklarından biri olan Türkistan’da yaşadığı ve Türk olduğu düşüncesi kabul görmektedir. Birçok bilinmezi bir arada bulunduran Mehmet Siyah Kalem’in resimlerinde farklı halklardan ve farklı statüden insanlar ve doğaüstü varlıklar betimlenmiştir. Resimlerini kendine özgü farklı bir üslup ve içsel bir dürtü ile yorumlayan sanatçı, ayrıca sözlü kültürün bir yansıması olarak masalsı, esrarengiz bir dünyayı da ifadelendirmiştir. Orta Asya kültür ortamı içerisinde gerçekçi duruşu ile dikkat çeken bu özgün resimler, araştırmanın kapsamı içinde ele alınan örnekler ışığında kompozisyon anlayışı, kullanılan renkler ve üç boyutluluğu oluşturuş biçimi ile incelenmiştir. Sanatçının yaşadığı ve eserlerini oluşturduğu dönem Batı kültür tarihinde Orta Çağ ve Yeni Çağın sınırları içinde yer almaktadır. Bu dönemde coğrafi keşiflerin gerçekleşmesi ve hümanizm kavramının ortaya çıkması sonucunda Rönesans dönemi başlamış, resim sanatında anatomiye ve perspektife özen gösterilirken, katı kurallardan çıkılarak gözlemlere dayalı, gerçekçi bir anlayışla işlenebilmesinin yolu açılmıştır. Eldeki bulgular ve karşılaştırmalar ışığında Mehmet Siyah Kalem’in bölgedeki yaşamı tasvir eden resimlerindeki gözleme dayalı üslubu ile Rönesans’ın ifade anlayışına yakın durduğu; özellikle insan ve hayvan doğasına ait konuları kendi coğrafyasında gerçekçi gözle işlediği, Batı Rönesansının idealize edilmiş ifade biçimlerinden farklı bir anlayışla, insani duygu ve düşüncelerin beden diline ve yüz ifadelerine yansıtıldığı da görülmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan bu yönleri ile Mehmet Siyah Kalem’in Rönesans sanatının gerçekçi yaklaşımını, idealize etme arayışına girmeksizin kendi üslubuyla ifade edebilmiş ender özgünlükteki sanatçılardan biri olarak kabul edilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Bu özel sanatçının göçebe hayatını konu alan resimlerini inceleyerek sanatını ve bakış açısını tanımak ve değerlendirip gelecek kuşaklara aktarmanın kültürel sürdürülebilirlik açısından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bilindiği gibi kültürel sürdürülebilirliğin temelinde incelenen kültür varlığının bulunduğu coğrafya, yüzyıl ve eserin içeriği hakkında inceleme yapıp tanımak, anlamak, tanımlamak, korumak ve yaşatmak ilkeleri yatmaktadır.
The 14th and 15th editions of Mehmet Black Kalem, which stands out with its originality in his own era and geography in which he lived. The idea of living in Turkistan, one of the main crossroads of the historic Silk Road, which has hosted a variety of historical and cultural wealth between centuries, is accepted and is Turkish. In the pictures of Mehmet Black Penem, many of the unknown are gathered together, people and supernatural beings from different peoples and different status are depicted. The artist, who interpreted his paintings with a different style and an inner impulse, also expressed a mysterious world as a reflection of verbal culture. These original images, which are remarkable by their realistic position in the Middle Asian cultural environment, have been studied in the light of the examples discussed within the scope of the research with the understanding of composition, the use of colors and the form of creation of the three-dimensional. The period in which the artist lived and created his works is within the boundaries of the Middle Ages and the New Age in Western culture history. During this period, as a result of the realization of geographical discoveries and the emergence of the concept of humanism, the Renaissance period began, while the anatomy and perspective in painting were cared for, the way was opened to be processed with a realistic understanding based on observations, out of the strict rules. In the light of the findings and comparisons available, it is also seen that the observation-based style of Mehmet Black Penem in his pictures depicting the life in the region and the Renaissance stands close to the sense of expression; in particular, the subjects of human and animal nature are processed with a realistic look in their own geography, with a different understanding of the idealized forms of expression of the Western Renaissance, the human feelings and thoughts are reflected in the body language and face expressions. With these aspects discussed in the framework of the research, it is achieved that the realistic approach of the Renaissance art of Mehmet Black Penem should be recognized as one of the artists of rare originality who could express with their own style without entering the quest to idealize. It is believed that recognizing and evaluating his art and perspective by studying the paintings of this particular artist on the subject of the immigration life and transmitting it to future generations is important for cultural sustainability. As it is known on the basis of cultural sustainability, the principles of the study and recognition, understanding, definition, preservation and living of the geography, the century and the contents of the work are based on the study of the cultural existence.
It is approved that Mehmet Siyah Qalam, who stands out with his originality in his own period and environment, lived in Turkestan between the 14th and 15th centuries and that he was Turkish. In the paintings of Mehmet Siyah Kalem, which contains many unknowns, people from different peoples and different statuses and supernatural beings are depicted. The artist, who interprets his paintings with a distinctive style and an inner impulse, also expressed a fabulous, mysterious world as a reflection of oral culture. These original paintings, which draw attention with their realistic stance in the Central Asian cultural environment, have been examined in the light of the examples discussed within the scope of the research, with the understanding of composition, the colors used and the way they form the three-dimensionality. The period in which the artist lived and created his works is located within the boundaries of the Middle Ages and the New Age in the history of Western culture. In this period, as a result of geographical discoveries and the emergence of humanism, the Renaissance period began, while paying attention to anatomy and perspective in the art of painting, the way to be processed with a realistic understanding based on observations by leaving strict rules was opened. In the light of the findings and comparisons at hand, Mehmet Siyah Qalam's observational style in his paintings depicting life in the region is close to the language of expression of Renaissance; It is also seen that he handled the subjects of human and animal nature with a realistic eye in his own region, and that human feelings and thoughts were reflected in body language and facial expressions with an understanding different from the idealized expressions of the Western Renaissance. With these aspects discussed within the scope of the research, it is concluded that Mehmet Siyah Qalam should be considered as one of the rare original artists who could express the realistic approach of Renaissance art with his own style without seeking idealization. It is thought that it is important for cultural sustainability to recognize and evaluate his art and perspective by examining the paintings of this special artist about his nomadic life, and to transfer them to future generations. As it is known, the basis of cultural sustainability lies in the principles of recognizing, understanding, defining, preserving and keeping alive the geography, century and the content of the work.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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