Abstract:

The 1979 Revolution, which is an important turning point in modern Iran history, is considered as a result of centralistic rigorous policies implemented during the Shah M. Rıza Pehlevi Period. The reforms in this period have caused discomfort in various sections of the people. The process that began as a multi-anti-monarchist popular movement later evolved into the Islamic Revolution. The Islamic Revolution has destroyed the monarchy, but has brought with it a theocratic regime in which the religious leader is at the center.  After the proclamation of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ayatollah Humeyni has implemented the new constitution in which Uleman is part of the decision-making mechanisms. In this context, our work will first address the significant developments that are undergoing in the process of the revolution. The second part will describe the Velayeti Fakih concept, the institutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the decision-making mechanisms and the place of the Leader in the system. In the last part, the impact of the leader Ali Hamenei, which has worked with four presidents on the historic course of the nuclear crisis and the change of nuclear policies, will be revealed. Although Al-Hamenei works with his presidents with different political trends during the nuclear crisis, he prefers the pragmatist to draw the general political framework for Iran and decides as a result of the internal and external pressures brought by the period. At this point, in terms of the characteristics of the leadership, it will be defended that the revolution for Hamenei is an individual, without neglecting that it is a decision unit that is closely related to both the sacrifice and the worldwide field.

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