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Öz Azerbaycan edebiyatında Mirza Feteli Ahundov ile esası konulan klasik maarifçi realizmden sonra 20. yüzyıl başlarında tenkidî realizm akımı meydana gelmiştir. Bu dönem edebiyatta sosyal-siyasi meseleler önemli bir yer edinmiş, konu itibariyle geniş alanı kapsayan realizm edebî akımı, tür ve şekil olarak da dallanmıştır. Bu açıdan baktığımızda Azerbaycan edebî hayatının öncülerinden biri olan Celil Memmedguluzâde’nin eserlerinde realizm edebî akımının bütün konu ve türlerini görebiliriz. Azerbaycan edebî fikir tarihinde tenkidî realizm akımının kurucularından olan Celil Memmedguluzâde, ünlü “Molla Nesreddin” dergisinin editörüdür. Muasırlarının Mirza Celil diye hitap ettikleri Celil Memmedguluzâde’nin dünyaya bakış açısının ve ilerideki edebî tarzının oluşmasında yaşadığı muhitin, ailesinin ve çocukluğundan beri içinde bulunduğu ortamın etkisi önemli ipuçları vererek yazarı daha iyi anlama ve eserlerini detaylıca araştırabilme imkânı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Celil Memmedguluzâde’nin kesin doğum tarihi ile ilgili tartışmalar, çocukluk muhiti hakkında etkileyici detaylar, evlilikleri, faaliyetleri, dış görüntüsü, karakteristik özellikleri, genel olarak net yorum yapmaktan kaçınılan dinî görüşleri, hayatı boyunca farklı ülke rejimleri dâhilinde verdiği mücadeleler önemli ayrıntılarıyla birlikte ele alınarak, yazarın edebî portresi çizilmiştir.
After the classical educational realism based on the literary works of Mirza Fatali Ahundov, the school of critical realism was formed in Azerbaijani literature in the early 20th century. During this period, socio-political issues came to the front in literature, and the school of literary realism covering a wide range of subject matters branched out into different types and forms. In this respect, we can see all the subject matters and types of the school of literary realism in the works of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, one of the leaders of Azerbaijani literary life. Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, one of the founders of the school of critical realism in the history of Azerbaijani literary thought, was the editor of the famous "Molla Nasreddin" magazine. The formation of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh's worldviews and his future literary style was influenced by his neighbourhood, his family and environment in which he lived since childhood; they provide us with the clues for better understanding of the writer and for a detailed study of the works of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh called Mirza Jalil by his contemporaries. In this study, the literary portrait of the writer is created by means of a detailed analysis of relevant discussions with regard to the exact date of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh's birth, impressive details about his childhood environment, marriages, activities, outward appearance, characteristic features, religious views that are generally not overtly commented on, and his struggles within different country regimes throughout his life along with other important details.
Abstract After the classical educational realism based on the literary works of Mirza Fatali Ahundov, the school of critical realism was formed in Azerbaijani literature in the early 20th century. During this period, socio-political issues came to the front in the literature, and the school of literary realism covering a wide range of subject matters branched out into different types and forms. In this respect, we can see all the subject matters and types of the school of literary realism in the works of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, one of the leaders of Azerbaijani literary life. Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, one of the founders of the school of critical realism in the history of Azerbaijani literary thought, was the editor of famous "Molla Nasreddin" magazine. The formation of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh’s worldviews and his future literary style was influenced by his neighbourhood, his family and environment in which he lived since childhood; they provide us with the clues for better understanding of the writer and for a detailed study of the works of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh called Mirza Jalil by his contemporaries. In this study, the literary portrait of the writer is created by means of a detailed analysis of relevant discussions with regard to the exact date of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh’s birth, impressive details about his childhood environment, marriages, activities, outward appearance, characteristic features, religious views that are generally not overtly commented on, and his struggles within different country regimes throughout his life alongside with other important details.
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