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Liderlik en genel tanımıyla belirli bir amaç için bir grup insanı bir araya getirme, etkileme, yönlendirme ve harekete geçirme kabiliyetidir. Siyasi arenada da liderlik en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Ülkemiz siyasi tarihinin her aşamasında siyasi liderlerin olumlu ya da olumsuz etkileri olduğunu söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Bilhassa seçim süreçlerinde halkın karşısına çıkan ve onları ikna edip desteklerini almaya çalışan siyasi liderlerin mücadeleleri seçim sonuçlarına doğrudan etki etmiştir. Seçim sürecinde kullanılan stratejiler de savaş meydanlarında uygulananları aratmamıştır. Muktedir olmak isteyen siyasi aktörler bu bağlamda birbirlerine saldırmaktan veya negatif söylemlerde bulunmaktan kaçınmamışlardır. Bunun için her türlü siyasal iletişim faaliyeti kullanılmıştır. Bu faaliyetlerde olumlu ve olumsuz mesaj stratejileri de uygulanmıştır. Her toplum tarzı ne olursa olsun bir yönetim biçimine sahiptir. Bazı ülkeler güçlü seçim sistemlerine sahipken bazılarında saltanatlar, kabilecilik ya da diktatörlük hüküm sürmektedir. Demokratik sistemin yerleştiği toplumlarda iktidar, temsil yoluyla siyasal aktörlere devredilir. Bunun için seçimler yapılır ve çoğunluğun desteğini arkasına alan siyasi partiler belirli süreler için göreve gelirler. Bu süreç, birçok faktörün bir araya gelmesiyle işleyen bir mekanizmadır. Bu faktörler içerisinde siyasal liderliğin rolü oldukça önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Özellikle Türkiye gibi siyasal katılım oranın yüksek olduğu ülkelerde siyasal liderler, çoğunlukla partileriyle özdeşleştirilmekte hatta kimi durumlarda partilerinin bile önünde yer almaktadır. Bu kapsamda Ak Parti ve CHP’nin 31 Mart 2019 Mahalli İdareler Seçimine yönelik yayınladıkları seçim beyannamelerinden elde edilen olumlu ve olumsuz mesajlar nitel içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiş ve ölçek geliştirilerek katılımcılara yöneltilmiştir. Aksaray Üniversitesi’nin çeşitli bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 430 öğrenciyle yapılan araştırmada yapılan analizler neticesinde siyasi liderin kullandığı mesaj stratejilerinin katılımcılar üzerinde etkili olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Leadership is the ability to bring together, influence, guide and move a group of people for a specific purpose. It is one of the leading factors in the political arena. It will not be wrong to say that political leaders have positive or negative effects at every stage of our country’s political history. Specifically, the struggles of political leaders who appeared against the people in the election process and tried to convince them and get their support directly influenced the election results. The strategies used in the election process did not find those applied in the battlefields. Political actors who want to be mutual have not avoided to attack each other in this context or to make negative statements. Every kind of political communication has been used. These activities have also been applied positive and negative messages strategies. Every style of society has a form of governance. Some countries have strong electoral systems, while some have sovereignty, capacity, or dictatorship. In the societies in which the democratic system is established, power is transferred to political actors through representation. For this, elections are held and the political parties behind the support of the majority come to office for a certain period of time. This process is a mechanism that works with the combination of many factors. The role of political leadership is very important. In countries where political participation is high, especially in Turkey, political leaders are mostly identified with their parties, and in some cases they are even in front of their parties. In this context, the positive and negative messages obtained from the election statements they published by the AK Party and the CHP on March 31, 2019 to the Election of the Municipal Administrations were studied and scaled by the quality content analysis method and directed to the participants. According to the research conducted with 430 students studying in various departments of Aksaray University, it is clear that the message strategies used by the political leader have an impact on the participants.
Leadership, in its most general definition, is the ability to bring together, influence, manipulate and mobilize a group of people for a particular purpose. Leadership is one of the most important factors in the political arena. It will not be wrong to say that political leaders have positive or negative effects at every stage of our country’s political history. Especially in the electoral process, the struggles of political leaders who oppose the people and try to persuade them and get their support had a direct impact on election results. The strategies used in the election process are similar to those applied in battlefields. Political actors wishing to be able to do so did not avoid attacking each other or making negative statements. All kinds of political communication activities have been used for this purpose. Positive and negative message strategies were also implemented in these activities. Every society has a form of government, whatever its style. Some countries have strong electoral systems, while others are dominated by reigns, tribalism or dictatorship. In societies where the democratic system settles, power is transferred to political actors through representation. For this purpose, elections are held and political parties, which have the support of the majority, come to work for certain periods. This process is a mechanism that works by combining many factors. The role of political leadership is very important among these factors. Political leaders in countries with high political participation are often identified with their parties and sometimes even in front of them. In this context, the positive and negative messages obtained from the election declarations issued by Ak Parti and CHP for the March 31, 2019 Local Administrations Election were examined by qualitative content analysis method and the scale was developed and directed to the participants. As a result of the research conducted with 430 students studying at various departments of Aksaray University, it is understood that the message strategies used by the political leader were effective on the participants.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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