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Darbe ve darbe girişimleri aracılığıyla Askerin siyasete müdahalesi Türk siyasetinde sıkça görülen bir olgudur. Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun gerileme devrinde Cumhuriyet dönemine kadar asker, çeşitli gerekçelerle siyasete müdahale etmiştir. Cumhuriyet döneminde yaşanan ilk darbe 27 Mayıs 1960 darbesidir ve bundan sonra neredeyse her 10 yılda bir tekrar eden bir duruma dönüşmüştür. Bu sürecin son halkası, 15 Temmuz 2016’da gerçekleşen darbe girişimi olmuştur. 15 Temmuz Darbe Girişimi, alışıldığın dışında bir gelişme seyri izlemiş ve ilk defa halkın kararlı duruşu sayesinde başarısız olmuştur. Darbelerin gerçekleşme ve meşrulaştırılma sürecinde medya ve iletişim araçları oldukça önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle 27 Mayıs darbesi ile başlayıp 28 Şubat Postmodern darbesine kadar devam eden süreçte medya, darbecilerin toplumsal meşruiyet zemini oluşturmalarına önemli ölçüde katkı sunmuştur. Fakat internet teknolojilerinin gelişimi, akıllı telefonların yaygınlaşan kullanımı, özel kanalların kurulması ve bağımsız medyanın gelişmesi ilk defa darbenin başarısız olmasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Farklı eğilimlere sahip onlarca TV kanalı, internet haberciliği, akıllı telefonlar aracılığıyla halkın kendi arasında haberleşme imkanı darbecilerin önceden olduğu gibi medyayı kontrol edebilmelerinin önünü kesmiş ve darbe ile ilgili durum tersine dönmüştür. Bu bağlamda çalışma 15 Temmuz darbe girişiminde medya ve iletişim araçlarının rolünü ve bu girişimin yabancı basındaki yansımalarını incelemektedir.
The intervention of the military in politics through coup and coup attempts is a frequent phenomenon in Turkish politics. During the decline of the Ottoman Empire until the Republic period, soldiers interfered in politics for various reasons. The first coup during the Republic period was the coup of 27 May 1960 and has since become a state that repeats almost every 10 years. The last round of this process was the coup attempt that took place on 15 July 2016. The July 15 Strike Initiative followed an unusual progress and for the first time failed thanks to the people’s determined position. In the process of the realization and legalization of the strikes, the media and communication tools play a very important role. Specifically, in the process that began with the May 27 coup and continued until the February 28 Postmodern coup, the media has made a significant contribution to the creation of the ground for social legitimacy. But the development of internet technologies, the widespread use of smartphones, the establishment of private channels and the development of independent media played an important role in the failure of the coup for the first time. Dozens of TV channels with different trends, internet communications, the possibility of people to communicate between themselves through smartphones have cut off the front of the press control, as the shockers were before, and the situation related to the shock has turned the reverse. In this context, the study examines the role of the media and communication tools in the July 15 coup attempt and the reflections of this initiative in foreign press.
Military intervention in politics through coups and coup attempts is a frequent phenomenon in Turkish politics. In the decline period of the Ottoman Empire, until the Republican period, the military intervened in politics for various reasons. The first coup in the Republican period was the May 27, 1960 coup, and after that, it turned into a recurring situation almost every 10 years. The last link of this process was the coup attempt on 15 July 2016. The July 15 Coup Attempt followed an unusual course of development and failed for the first time thanks to the determined stance of the people. Media and communication tools play a very important role in the realization and legitimation of coups. Especially in the process that started with the 27 May coup and continued until the 28 February Postmodern coup, the media contributed significantly to the social legitimacy of the putschists. However, the development of internet technologies, the widespread use of smart phones, the establishment of private channels and the development of independent media played an important role in the failure of the coup for the first time. Dozens of TV channels with different tendencies, internet journalism, and the opportunity to communicate among the people through smart phones prevented the putschists from controlling the media as before, and the situation regarding the coup was reversed. In this context, the study examines the role of media and communication tools in the July 15 coup attempt and the reflections of this attempt in the foreign press.
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