Özet:

Abstract Urban living offers conveniences which reduce the need to rely on family and close friends. The current paper tested the urbanization hypothesis, which is that residents of urban areas will be more individualistic and less collectivistic than rural residents. Individualism, collectivism and family-consciousness were assessed in college students in several Turkish cities and one US city (Boston). Urbanization co-varied most strongly not with individualism, but with low values of vertical collectivism, which is the tendency to subordinate personal goals to those of in-group authority figures, and with family-consciousness (communalism within the family group). family-consciousness and vertical collectivism were less frequently endorsed in larger urban areas compared to rural areas. These associations provide a foundation for asking more specific questions about what aspects of urban living (e.g., income, education, religious belief, less frequent co-residence with family) influence collectivist values. Key Words: individualism, collectivism, modernization, cross-cultural psychology

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