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Birçok dinamik süreç ve faktörün etkisiyle gelişen-değişen jeomorfolojik unsurlar, günümüzde insan faaliyetlerin etkisinde farklı boyut ve görünümler kazanmaya başlamıştır. İnsanoğlunun rölyef üzerinde birçok müdahale kapsamında doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak etkili aktör haline gelmesi antropojenik jeomorfolojinin gelişmesini sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada Kocaeli ili sınırları içerisinde yer alan Dilderesi Havzası’nın antropojenik jeomorfolojisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, Uzaktan Algılama (UA) ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılarak coğrafi bakış açısıyla çok basamaklı bir sistematik uygulanmış, farklı analiz ve değerlendirme yöntemleri denenmiştir. İlk olarak 1985, 2000 ve 2019 yıllarında havzanın arazi kullanımı ve meydana gelen değişimler tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra farklı araştırmacıların antropojenik jeomorfoloji sistematiği dikkate alınarak havzanın antropojeomorfoloji haritası oluşturulmuş, kantitatif veriler üretilmiş, analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Antropojenik baskının yoğun olduğu alanlardaki jeolojik, jeomorfolojik ve hidrografik koşullar tekrar analiz edilerek, dağılışın nedenleri sorgulanmıştır. Havzadaki rölyef değişimin nicel ve daha kesin verilerini elde etmek için sahada 500’ün üzerinde nokta belirlenmiş, uydu görüntüleri, arazi çalışmalarındaki gözlem ve ölçümlerle etki-değişim haritası üretilmiştir. Dilderesi Havzası’nın çalışmada tespit edilen birçok coğrafi unsuru temel alınarak farklı etki değerleri kapsamında analitik hiyerarşi süreci ile muhtemel 3 farklı antropojenik jeomorfoloji etki senaryosu üretilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda Dilderesi Havzası’nda geçmişten günümüze arazi kullanımında değişimlerin yaşandığı, özellikle havzanın güneyinde ve batısında antropojenik jeomorfoloji koşullarının topografik görünümde değişim ve etkiler oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca rölyef üzerinde boyutsal olarak en büyük değişimlerin taş ocakları, ana ulaşım güzergâhları ve sanayi alanlarında olduğu ve bu alanların topografyayı değiştirerek havzanın doğal koşullarını etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Geomorphological elements developed and changed by the influence of many dynamic processes and factors have begun to gain different dimensions and appearances under the influence of human activities. The fact that humanity has become a direct and indirect effective actor in many interventions on relief has led to the development of anthropogenic geomorphology. In this study, the anthropogenic geomorphology of the Dilderesi Basin, located within the boundaries of Kocaeli province, was investigated. In this research, a multi-step systematic was applied with the geographical perspective by using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and different analysis and evaluation methods were tried. First of all, land use and changes occurred in the basin in 1985, 2000 and 2019 were determined. Afterwards, anthropogeomorphology map of the basin was created by considering the anthropogenic geomorphology systematics of different researchers, quantitative data were produced, analyzed and evaluated. The geological, geomorphological and hydrographic conditions in the areas where the anthropogenic pressure is intense are analyzed again and the reasons of the distribution are questioned. In order to obtain quantitative and more accurate data of relief change in the basin, over 500 points were determined in the field, satellite images, observation and measurements in field studies and effect-change map were produced. Based on many geographical elements, three different anthropogenic geomorphology impact scenarios have been produced with analytical hierarchy process within the scope of different impact values. As a result of the studies, it has been observed that land use changes have been experienced in the Basin from the past to the present day, and especially the anthropogenic geomorphology conditions in the south and west of the basin cause changes and effects on the topographic appearance. In addition, it was found that the biggest changes in relief were in quarries, main transport routes and industrial areas and these areas affected the natural conditions of the basin by changing the topography.
Geomorphological elements developed and changed by the influence of many dynamic processes and factors have begun to gain different dimensions and appearances under the influence of human activities. The fact that humanity has become a direct and indirect effective actor in many interventions on relief has led to the development of anthropogenic geomorphology. In this study, the anthropogenic geomorphology of the Dilderesi Basin, located within the boundaries of Kocaeli province, was investigated. In this research, a multi-step systematic was applied with the geographical perspective by using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and different analysis and evaluation methods were tried. First of all, land use and changes occurred in the basin in 1985, 2000 and 2019 were determined. Afterwards, anthropogeomorphology map of the basin was created by considering the anthropogenic geomorphology systematics of different researchers, quantitative data were produced, analyzed and evaluated. The geological, geomorphological and hydrographic conditions in the areas where the anthropogenic pressure is intense are analyzed again and the reasons of the distribution are questioned. In order to obtain quantitative and more accurate data of relief change in the basin, over 500 points were determined in the field, satellite images, observation and measurements in field studies and effect-change map were produced. Based on many geographical elements of Dilderesi Basin, three different anthropogenic geomorphology impact scenarios have been produced with analytical hierarchy process within the scope of different impact values. As a result of the studies, it has been observed that land use changes have been experienced in the Dilderesi Basin from the past to the present day, and especially the anthropogenic geomorphology conditions in the south and west of the basin cause changes and effects on the topographic appearance. In addition, it was found that the biggest changes in relief were in quarries, main transportation routes and industrial areas and these areas affected the natural conditions of the basin by changing the topography.
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