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Melankoli, uzun bir süre boyunca patolojik veya psikiyatrik açılardan ele alınmıştır. Tıpkı nostalji gibi, insanın hem bireysel hem de toplumsal yönden paylaştığı ve kimlik inşasından fail olma imkânına dek pek çok sürecin merkezinde konumlanmış bir kavramdır. Kavram inkâr, içselleştirme, belirsizlik, mistisizm, eksiklik gibi çeşitli duygu durumlarını ve tutumları içermektedir. Ama aynı zamanda ‘acı’ ve ‘kayıp’ ile kurduğu ilişki ve bir dünya görüşü olarak edinimi itibariyle hem ‘kurumsallaşmış’ ve ‘resmî’ nitelemelerin dışında kalabilmiş, hem de özgürlükçü bir potansiyel taşıyabilmiş bir terim olarak karşımıza çıkar. Söz konusu çerçevede bu çalışma Sigmund Freud’un ‘kaybın bedene alınması’, bu suretle bir ‘özdeşleşmeyi’ içermesi perspektifinden hareket edecektir. Ardından Judith Butler’ın bu melankoli kavrayışından hareketle heteroseksüelliğin kuruluşunu, eşcinsel kateksisin boyutlarını tarif ettiği çalışmasından ilerleyecek ve Barış Bıçakçı’nın Bizim Büyük Çaresizliğimiz isimli romanının iki ana karakteri olan Ender ve Çetin’e odaklanacaktır. Bu melankoli, kitabın anlatımına, karakterlerin birbirleriyle ilişkisine, hayatlarına sonradan dahil olan kadın karaktere yönelik tutumlarına (Nihal) ve hatta öykünün geçtiği kentin (Ankara) tarif edilme biçimine dahi yansır. Bu açıdan özellikle kadın karakterle kurulan ilişkiyi ve ana karakterlerin dostluğunu biçimlendirmesi Butler’ın toplumsal cinsiyet ve melankoli perspektifi ile tartışılacaktır.
Melancholia has been treated for a long time from a pathological or psychiatric point of view. Like nostalgia, it is a concept that is located at the center of many processes that the human being shares in both individual and social aspects and that it is possible to fail from the building of identity. The concept includes various emotional conditions and attitudes such as denial, intrinsicity, uncertainty, mysticism, lack. But at the same time, the relationship he establishes with the ‘sick’ and ‘lost’ and the acquisition as a world view comes to us as a term that can be both ‘organized’ and ‘official’ and that can bear a liberalistic potential. In this context, this study will move from the perspective of Sigmund Freud’s ‘reduction of the loss to the body’, thus involving a ‘reconciliation’. Then Judith Butler will move from this melancholic conception to the establishment of heterosexuality, from his work describing the dimensions of the homosexual cathex, and will focus on Ender and Chetin, the two main characters of the novel of the Peace Knight named Our Great Disappointment. This melancholy reflects the story of the book, the relationship of the characters with each other, the attitudes towards the female character (Nihal) that later involves their lives, and even the way the story is described (Ankara). In this regard, the relationship established in particular with the female character and the shaping of the friendship of the main characters will be discussed by Butler's social gender and melancholic perspective.
Melancholy has been addressed from a pathological or psychiatric perspective for a long time. Just like nostalgia, it is a concept that is shared at the center of many processes both individually and socially, from identity building to being potent to become an agent. It includes various emotional states and attitudes such as denial, internalization, uncertainty, mysticism, and deficiency. But at the same time, as a result of its relationship with “pain” and “loss”, and its acquisition as a worldview, the term has managed to both stay out of “institutionalized” and “official” qualifications and embrace a liberating potential as well. In this framework, this study will use Sigmund Freud’s perspective of “incorporation” of the loss as an “identification”. Then, with reference to Judith Butler’s work that describes the construction of heterosexuality and the dimensions of homosexual cathexis based on her conception of melancholy, this study will focus on Ender and Çetin, two main characters of Barış Bıçakçı’s novel Our Great Despair. This melancholy is reflected in the narration of the book, the relationship of the characters, their attitudes towards the female character (Nihal) who is involved in their lives later, and even in how the city (Ankara) in which the story takes place is described. Therefore, the relationship with the female character and the friendship of the main characters will be analyzed through Butler’s gender and melancholy perspective.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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