Abstract:

Abstract This article concerns The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which was signed on March 3, 1918 between the Soviet Russia (the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic) and the powers of the Quadruple Alliance (the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Kingdom of Bulgaria) and significantly determined relations between Georgia and the Ottoman Empire in the period 1918-1921. We are interested in the fourth article of the basic treaty and the second article of the supplementary treaty between Russia and Turkey, both of which deal with Georgia, especially its borders. According to the basic treaty the question of the political orientation of Kars, Ardahan and Batumi should be discussed based on the referendum. Thereport stressed that referendum was formal. In our opinion this is confirmed by the supplementary treaty. According to this, the border between Turkey and Russia (1877-1878) where Ardahan, Batumi, and Kars belonged to Turkey must be restored. According to these materials we conclude, that the result of referendum was pre-determined and formal.

Keywords: