Abstract:

The paper aims at identifying the features of Sufi literature in Andalusia throughout studying the poetry of the philosopher poet Mohyiddin Ibn Arabi and his Mwshahath. It is notable that the Sufism movement in Andalusia preceded the birth of the Sufi poetry movement, as it appeared in the era of Almohadons. Then, it has built by Ibn Arabi who is considered the greatest Sufi poet in Andalusia and the Arabi Levant. Sufi poem is notable by specific features and characteristics, which distinguish it from other purposes of Arabic poetry. Some of these features are the availability of meanings and Sufi vocalizations as well as a remarkable intensification of the term Sufi in the poetic text or Sufi Muwashah. It increases the text with obscure and ambiguous features, recalls for the recipient of what is remarkable by these terms and vocabulary specific Meanings and connotations. One of these features is that the Sufi text takes the contents of the spinning poem and manifestations in the appearance, but it avoids the spinning meanings and devotes to the meanings of worship and the meanings of the precipitous divine. Many of his poems and Muwashah speak about love, beloved, wanderer, and other spinning words. However, all of this symbolizes other connotations, such as the euphoria of faith and the humiliation of meeting the beloved only God, (the Almighty Allah), so that it is often difficult to distinguish between the spinning experience and the mystical experience. It should remark that the philosopher poet Ibn Arabi believes in the theory of pantheism, there is no creator and creature "according to this theory" only on the surface, but they are really one thing. The paper focuses on the artistic characteristics of his Ibn Arabi's poetry and Mwshahath. Moreover, it differentiates between the spinner implications and Sufi characteristics. His sufi works, such as The Meccan Illuminations (Al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya) and D̲̲ah̲āʼir al-aʻlāq šarḥ turǧumān al-ašwāq, and others, represents Ibn Arabi as the owner of a mystical school of poetry in Andalusia and the Levant. It gives a depth of the meanings of Sufism and contented building. Besides, he saved it from the prose, simplicity, and superficial, and make it a deepening of the human spirit and treat the major issues in existence, such as the relationship between man and his creator mediated the deepest imagination and the highest expression, therefore he is considered – sometimes – as Hegel of Arabs. The concept of love, in Ibn Arabi's terms, has a long range, as making it synonymous notion with religion, Islam and love, both share the meanings of submission, compliance, and obedience.

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