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Taşınmaz yükü, bir taşınmazın malikini yalnız o taşınmaz ile sorumlu olacak şekilde, diğer bir kişiye bir şeyi vermek veya yapmak ile yükümlü kılan ayni haktır. Taşınmaz yüküne ayni karakterini veren teminat unsuru, olumlu edim ile sıkı bir bağ içindedir. Bu yönü ile, irtifak haklarına bağlanan ikincil yapma edimleri ile benzerlik gösterir. Ne var ki, irtifak hakkına bağlı yapma ediminin, irtifak sözleşmesinde kararlaştırılarak tescile yansıtılması, irtifaka oranla daha ağır bir yük arz edememesi ve varlığının irtifaka bağlı olmasına karşılık; irtifak ile aynı taşınmazı yükümlese de, taşınmaz yükü kural olarak bağımsızdır. Bununla birlikte, taşınmaz yükünün irtifak hakkına bağlı olarak kurulabilmesi de mümkündür. Bu çerçevede, taşınmaz yükünün bağlanacağı irtifakın eşyaya bağlı ya da kişisel olması bir fark yaratmamak ile beraber, sürekli olması lazımdır. Aynı şekilde, söz konusu irtifak ile bu taşınmaz yükü arasında bir iç bağlantının; taşınmaz yükü ile irtifakın aynı taşınmazı konu alması ve taşınmaz yükünün irtifakın kullanılmasını kolaylaştıracak, mümkün kılacak ya da emniyet altına alacak şekilde kurulması şeklinde sağlanması gerekir. Ancak, taşınmaz yükü irtifak hakkına bağlı yan borçtan farklı olarak, irtifaktan daha ağır bir yük getirebilir. Taşınmaz yükünün irtifaka bağlanması ile, irtifak ayakta kaldığı müddetçe, taşınmazın yükten kurtarılması talep edilemeyecek; irtifak hakkı sona erdiğinde taşınmaz yükü de sona erecektir. Bunun sonucunda, irtifak ile yüklü taşınmazın bölünmesi halinde, irtifakın nakledilemediği parsellerden taşınmaz yükü de terkin edilecektir.
The real burden is a right in rem which obliges a owner of immovable property to fulfil an obligation to a beneficiary for which he/she is liable solely with the immovable property. The surety element that makes the real burden a right in rem is highly bound to the positive act. From this aspect, real here is similar to the accessory positive act to the easement. Despite the fact that the accessory positive act to the easement should be determined within the constitutive agreement of the easement and based on an entry in the land register, that it should not present a bigger encumbrance than the easement itself and that its existence is bound to the existence of the easement; the real burden is in principle independent. However, a real here can be linked to an easement. In this context, the real here must be linked to a permanent easement, but it doesn’t matter if the easement is a real or personal one. Similarly, there should be an internal link between these two rights. This internal link will be assured by establishing the easement and the real burden on the same immovable property and creating the real burden in the way to ease, enable and secure the exercise of the easement. But unlike the accessory positive act bound to easement, the real burden can present a bigger encumbrance than the easement to which it is linked. Real burden linked to the permanent easement, the debtor may not request its redemption and the real burden will be extinguished whenever the easement is extinguished. Consequently, if the property charged with the easement is partitioned, the real burden will be deleted from the parts to which the easement could not be transferred.
The real burden is a right in rem which obliges an owner of immovable property to fulfil an obligation to a beneficiary for which he/she is liable solely with the immovable property. The surety element that makes the real burden a right in rem is highly bound to the positive act. From this aspect, real burden is similar to the accessory positive act to the easement. Despite the fact that the accessory positive act to the easement should be determined within the constitutive agreement of the easement and based on an entry in the land register, that it shouldn’t present a bigger encumbrance than the easement itself and that its existence is bound to the existence of the easement; the real burden is in principle independent. However, a real burden can be linked to an easement. In this context, the real burden must be linked to a permanent easement, but it doesn’t matter if the easement is a real or personal one. Similarly, there should be an internal link between these two rights. This internal link will be assured by establishing the easement and the real burden on the same immovable property and creating the real burden in the way to ease, enable and secure the exercise of the easement. But unlike the accessory positive act bound to easement, the real burden can present a bigger encumbrance than the easement to which it is linked. Real burden linked to the permanent easement, the debtor may not request its redemption and the real burden will be extinguished whenever the easement is extinguished. Consequently, if the property charged with the easement is partitioned, the real burden will be deleted from the parts to which the easement couldn’t be transferred.
Field : Hukuk
Journal Type : Ulusal
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