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Tokat, tarihte birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmış Anadolu’daki en eski şehirlerden biridir. XI. asrın sonlarında Danişmendliler zamanında Türk hâkimiyetine girmiştir. Şehrin fethinden itibaren Danişmendliler, Selçuklular ve Osmanlılar dönemlerinde pek çok dinî, sosyal ve kültürel eserler vücuda getirilmiştir. Bu eserler arasında Osmanlılar zamanında 1535 yılında inşa edilen Hoca Behzad Camii ve ne zaman yapıldığı kesin olarak bilinmeyen Hoca Behzad Muallimhanesi, ibadet ve eğitim mekânı olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu iki yapı, Osmanlı döneminde tesis edilen vakıf gelirleri ile varlığını devam ettirmiştir. Günümüze sadece Hoca Behzad Camii ulaşmış olup halen ibadete açıktır. Bu makalede Tokat’ın eski dinî ve eğitim yapılarından Hoca Behzad Camii ve Muallimhanesi’nin vakıfları ele alınacaktır. Cami, XX. asrın başlarına kadar Tokat şehir merkezinde inşa edilen 17 camiden biridir. Caminin mimarî yapısı hakkında yeterli çalışma bulunmakla birlikte, vakıfları hakkında sınırlı zaman dilimlerini kapsayan birkaç inceleme yapılmıştır. Muallimhane ile ilgili herhangi bir incelemeye rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada ana kaynak olarak yararlanılan arşiv belgeleri ve mahkeme kayıtları yardımı ile kuruluşundan günümüze kadar Hoca Behzad Camii ve Muallimhanesi’nin bütün vakıfları incelenecektir. Cami ve muallimhanenin bakım ve onarımı ile görevlilerinin ücretleri için bazı akar vakıfları kurulmuştur. Ayrıca bazı varlıklı hayır sahipleri bu iki yapı için ilave vakıflar kurmuşlardır. Makalenin temel amacı, Hoca Behzad Camii ve Muallimhanesi’nin vakıflarını bütün yönleriyle ele alarak Tokat’ın sosyal ve kültürel tarihine katkı sağlamaktır.
Tokat is one of the oldest cities in Anadolu that has hosted many civilizations in history. The XI. At the end of the century, the Danishmandians entered the Turkish rule in time. Since the conquest of the city, many religious, social and cultural works have been brought into the body during the periods of the Danishmandians, Selchukles and Ottomans. These works include the Hoca Behzad Camii, built in 1535 during the Ottoman time, and the Hoca Behzad Muallimhanesi, which is not exactly known when it was built, as the place of worship and education. These two buildings continued to exist with the foundation revenues established in the Ottoman period. Today, only Hoca Behzad Camii has reached and is still open to worship. This article will discuss the foundations of Hoca Behzad Camii and Muallimhanesi from the ancient religious and educational structures of Tokat. and the XX. It is one of the 17 mosques built in the city centre until the beginning of the century. Although there have been sufficient studies on the architectural structure of the mosque, several studies have been conducted covering limited time spheres on the foundations. There was no investigation of the Muallimhane. With the help of the archive documents and court records used as the main source in this study, all the foundations of Hoca Behzad Camii and Muallimhanesi will be examined from the establishment to the present day. There are a number of foundation founded for the maintenance and repair of the Cami and the muallimahan and for the remuneration of their employees. Also, some wealthy good owners have established additional foundations for these two buildings. The main objective of the article is to contribute to the social and cultural history of Tokat by addressing the foundations of Hoca Behzad Camii and Muallimhanesi in all aspects.
Tokat is one of the oldest cities in Anatolia, which has hosted many civilizations in history. At the end of the XIth century, it came under Turkish rule during the Danishmend period. Since the conquest of the city, many religious, social and cultural artifacts have been brought into existence during the periods of Danishmends, Seljuks and Ottomans. Among these works, Hoca Behzad Mosque, which was built in 1535 during the Ottoman period, and Hoca Behzad School, whose exact date is unknown, stand out as places of worship and education. These two structures continued their existence with the waqf incomes established in the Ottoman period. Only Hoca Behzad Mosque has survived and is still open for worship. In this article, the waqfs of Hoca Behzad Mosque and Muallimhane, which are the old religious and educational structures of Tokat, will be discussed. The mosque, is one of the 17 mosques built in the city center of Tokat until the beginning of the XXth century. Although there are sufficient studies on the architectural structure of the mosque, there are a few studies on its foundations covering limited time periods. No study was found about the Muallimhane. In this study, all the foundations of Hoca Behzad Mosque and Muallimhane will be examined with the help of archival documents and court records used as the main source. Some income foundations were established for the maintenance and repair of the mosque and the Muallimhane and for the wages of their staff. In addition, some wealthy benefactors have established additional foundations for these two structures. The main purpose of the article is to contribute to the social and cultural history of Tokat by considering the foundations of Hoca Behzad Mosque and Muallimhane in all its aspects.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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