Abstract:

In the current scenario, the availability of clean drinking water is decreasing gradually. From a long time, many technologies have been applied for the treatment of contaminated water. The water is contaminated by various sources like industries, human activities, sewage generation and rain. Presently, nanomaterials have good potential for the treatment of drinking water and sewage water. The excellent properties of nanomaterials such as high mechanical properties, more surface area, good chemical reactivity, lower economical value, toxic metal recovery, and pathogen killing. Various types of nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes, metallic nanoparticles, nano-sorbents, bio-active nanomaterial, nano-filtration matrixes, nanoscaled zeolite and nanopolymeric materials are effective and powerful material for the treatment of the contaminated water. In the present review article, we discuss the application of recently advanced nanomaterials for water treatment methods such as adsorption, catalysis, filtration and disinfection. Special attention has been given to three major classes such as organic, inorganic and biological water pollutants. Besides, promises, facts and challenges of these new technologies have been seriously examined. In this review, the most extensively studied nanomaterials, metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and nanocomposites are discussed in brief.

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