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  Citation Number 1
 Views 13
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Ülkemizde Uygulanan Faizsiz Bireysel Emeklilik Sisteminin İslam Hukuku Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
2023
Journal:  
İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi (BES) ülkemizde sigortacılık sektörünün hayat ve emeklilik branşının önemli bir unsurudur. BES, kişilerin çalıştıkları dönemde yaptıkları tasarruflarının uzun vadeli olarak değerlendirilmesi ve süreç sonunda kişiye toplu para ödenmesi esasına dayanır. Ülkemizde henüz 18 yıllık bir geçmişi bulunan bu sistem, çalışanlara, sermaye piyasasına, sigorta sektörüne ve bir bütün olarak ülke ekonomisine çeşitli açılardan fayda sağlamaktadır. BES, gönüllülük esaslı Bireysel Emeklilik Sistemi (Gönüllü BES) ve zorunluluk esaslı Otomatik Katılım Sistemi (OKS) seçeneklerinden oluşmaktadır. BES’e katılan kişiler istediği fonu seçerek yatırımlarını dilediği gibi yönlendirebilmektedir. Kişinin sistemdeki toplam birikim tutarı, aylık tasarruf miktarına, seçtiği fonların getirisine ve teşvik amaçlı devlet katkısına ve devlet katkısının getirisine göre değişmektedir. BES emeklilik yatırım fonları faizli ve faizsiz olmak üzere ikiye ayrılmıştır. Bireysel emeklilik şirketlerinin OKS kapsamında sisteme dahil olan şirketlere faizsiz fon seçeneğini sunması zorunlu tutulmuştur. OKS’de katılımcıların yarıdan fazlasının faizsiz emeklilik plan ve fonlarını tercih etmiş olması dikkat çekmektedir. Ancak Gönüllü BES’in fonları çok daha büyük olduğundan, sistemdeki toplam paranın %16 kadarı faizsiz fonlardadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı faizsiz BES’in Türkiye’deki mevcut uygulamasının İslam hukukunun belirlediği kurallar açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Girişte Bireysel Emeklilik Sisteminin ve faizsiz BES seçeneğinin ülkemizdeki mevcut durumu ve gelişim süreci hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Ardından faizsiz (katılım) BES uygulamasının mevzuatı, faizsiz emeklilik planları ve emeklilik yatırım fonları, devlet katkısı, emeklilik şirketi ve portföy yönetim şirketleriyle ilişkiler ve danışma komitesinin görevi gibi konuların fıkhi boyutuna değinilecektir. Netice olarak faizsiz (katılım) BES emeklilik planlarının fıkhi hükmü ortaya konularak dikkat edilmesi gereken sakıncalı hususlara işaret edilecektir.

Keywords:

The Assessment Of The Interest-free Individual Pension System In Our Country In Terms Of Islamic Law
2023
Author:  
Abstract:

The individual pension system (BES) is an important element of the life and retirement branch of the insurance sector in our country. BES is based on the long-term assessment of people’s savings during the period they work and the sum of money paid to the person at the end of the process. With a history of 18 years in our country, this system benefits employees, the capital market, the insurance sector and the country’s economy as a whole from a variety of aspects. BES consists of volunteer-based individual pension system (BES) and mandatory-based automatic participation system (OKS) options. People who participate in the BES can choose the fund they want and direct their investments as they want. The total amount of the person’s savings in the system varies according to the amount of monthly savings, the revenue of the funds he chooses and the state contribution for incentives and the revenue of the state contribution. The pension funds are divided into two kinds: interest and non-profit. Individual retirement companies are required to offer the option of interest-free funds to companies that are included in the system under the OKS. More than half of the participants in the OKS have preferred interest-free retirement plans and funds. However, as the Volunteer BES’s funds are much larger, up to 16% of the total money in the system is in interest-free funds. The aim of this study is to evaluate the current application of the interest-free BES in Turkey in terms of the rules established by Islamic law. The entrance will provide information about the current state and development process of the individual pension system and the interest-free BES option in our country. Then the legislation of the interest-free (participation) BES implementation, the interest-free pension plans and pension investment funds, the state contribution, the relations with the pension company and portfolio management companies and the task of the consulting committee will be addressed. As a result, the interest-free (participation) of the BES retirement plans will be pointed out to the disadvantaged aspects that should be observed by exposing the fictitious provisions.

Keywords:

An Evaluation Of The Interest-free Pension System Implemented In Turkey In Terms Of Islamic Law
2023
Author:  
Abstract:

The private pension system (PPS) in Türkiye is based on the long-term investment of savings individuals make throughout their work life and results in the payment of a lump sum or salary to the person upon retirement. This private pension system was launched 19 years ago and consists of the voluntary-based individual pension system (Volunteer PPS) and the obligation-based automatic enrollment system (AES). People participating in PSS can choose the funds in which they want their money to be invested. Two types of pension plans exist in terms of Shariah compliance: conventional and interest-free. While all pension management companies have interest-free pension funds (usually from AES) in addition to conventional funds, two pension companies provide interest-free-only pension plans and fund services. This study aims to evaluate the current application of interest-free PPS in Türkiye within the framework of Islamic law. After introducing information about the development process and current status of PPS practices in Türkiye, the article will go on to explain the Islamic ruling on interest-free PPS pension plans according to Islamic law and point out the possible objectionable issues.

Keywords:

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İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi

Field :   İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Ulusal

Metrics
Article : 260
Cite : 182
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