Abstract:

One of the most extensively global diseases has always been AIDS/HIV. AIDS and HIV infection are caused by the transferred virus known as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). The immune response gradually fails in people with AIDS, promoting the growth of potentially fatal malignancies and infections. HIV can be passed through the interaction of vaginal fluids, sperm, blood, as well as breast milk. HIV can be found in these bodily fluids as unbound virus particles as well as a pathogen inside infected immune cells. Important immune system components including helper CD4 T cells and macrophages are infected by HIV. HIV infection leads to a reduced number of T cells via a variety of processes, including pyroptosis of afflicted T cells. Most AIDS-related symptoms are brought on by infections that do not commonly affect persons with robust immune systems. The majority of these diseases are caused by opportunistic infections caused by parasites, viruses, bacteria, and other microbes that are frequently regulated by defense parts of the system that HIV impairs. The yearly rate for HIV infection is a little less than 1% when a pair with one affected member consistently wears condoms. According to certain research, female condoms may provide comparable protection.

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