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Edatlar, tek başlarına anlamı olmayan, fiil ya da isim soylu kelimelerle beraber kullanıldığında anlam kazanan görevli sözcüklerdir. Edatlar yapıları yönünden; isim kökenli edatlar ve fiil kökenli edatlar olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. İsim kökenli edatlar, isimlere eklenen durum ve iyelik eklerinin zamanla kalıplaşması sonucu oluşur. Fiil kökenli edatlar ise fiil köklerine zarf-fiil ekleri getirilerek oluşturulur. Türk dilinin ilk yazılı kaynakları yoluyla tanıkladığımız edatlar, oluşum yönleri göz önüne alındığında, yazılı kaynaklar öncesine giden dönemler içerisinde oluşturulmuş yapılar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Köken olarak isim ya da fiil durumundaki bu görevli sözcükler, Türk dilinin tarihî dönemlerinde çeşitli din ve öğreti temelinde gelişen metinler aracılığıyla cümle içerisinde isim, sıfat, zarf ve bağlaç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu yönüyle, eldeki yazı Türk dilinin yazıtlar dönemi olarak bilinen Orhon Türkçesi metinlerinde ilk kez tanıklanan tapa ifadesinin sahip olduğu görünüme dayalı değerlendirmelerden hareketle oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmada, fiil kökenli, tap- “bulmak” fiilinden türeyen tapa “-e doğru, -e karşı” edatı üzerinde durulmuştur. Öncelikle tapa edatı, eski Türk yazıtlarından başlanarak tarihî ve çağdaş Türk lehçeleri özelinde incelenerek genel bir tarama yapılmıştır. Daha sonra tapa edatının tarihî ve çağdaş Türk lehçelerindeki fonetik şekilleri ve kullanım biçimleri ilgili örnekler verilerek sunulan örnekler doğrultusunda tapa edatının tarihî ve çağdaş Türk lehçelerindeki durum ekleri ile beraber kullanım biçimleri ve geçirdiği fonetik şekiller ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.
Edats are mandatory words that gain meaning when used with real or name noble words, without any meaning on their own. The name is divided into two parts: the name and the name, and the name. Name-based edats, the status added to the names and the goodness additions are formed as a result of time-forming. Thus, the creation of the creation of the creation of the creation of the creation of the creation of the creation. The editions we introduce through the first written sources of the Turkish language, taking into account the forming aspects, appear to us as structures created in the periods before the written sources. These official words in the name or real status as origin are used as names, titles, cover and links in the phrase through the texts developed on the basis of various religions and teachings in the historical periods of the Turkish language. In this regard, the handwriting of the Turkish language, known as the period of writings, was created by motion based on the appearance that the Tapa expression first witnessed in the Orhon Turkish texts. In this study, the real origin, the tap- "find" derived from the tap "-e right, - against" edition is focused on. First of all, a general scan was made by examining historical and contemporary Turkish languages, starting with ancient Turkish writings. The phonetic forms and methods of use in the historical and contemporary Turkish languages of the Tapaedate were submitted in accordance with the examples presented in the historical and contemporary Turkish languages of the Tapaedate, and the methods of use and the phonetic forms it passed, together with the status additions in the historical and contemporary Turkish languages.
Postpositions are words that don’t have meaning alone and gain meaning used with verbs and nouns. There are two types of postpositions; noun postpositions and verb-basis postpositions. Noun origin postpositions are formed by ading possessive suffixes to the names. Verb origin postpositions are formed by ading verb suffixes to the verbs. The postpositions that we witnessed the through the first written sources of the Turkish language appear as structures that were formed in the periods before the written sources. These words, which are originally in the form of nouns or verbs, have functions as nouns, adjectives, adverbs and conjunctions in the sentence through texts developed on the basis of various religions and teachings of the Turkish languge during Turkish language’s historical periods. In this view, this paper was created based on the evaluations based on the apparence of the tapa expression, which was first seen in the texts of Orkhon Turkic, known as the period of the inscriptions. In this study, it has been focused on the word tapa which is originated from the verb tap- “to find”. Firstly, a general investigation was carried out in terms of historical and contemporary Turkish dialects starting from the Old Turkic inscriptions about the tapa postposition. Then, some examples of fonetic forms and usage patterns of historical and contemporary Turkish dialects were given about the tapa postpositions. According to the used examples, the state suffixes in historical and contemporary Turkish dialects of the tapa postposition, its usage patterns and phonetic forms were tried to be revealed.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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