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Öz Allah’ın varlığını aklî ve naklî delillerle ispatlama çalışmaları, kelam tarihi boyunca çeşitlenerek devam etmiştir. İnkârcı akımların iletişim araçlarından da yararlanarak yaygınlaştığı XIX. yüzyılda Allah’ın varlığını ispatlamak daha da özel bir önem kazanmıştır. Müteahhirîn kelamının modern dönemin sorunları özelinde yetersiz kaldığı böyle bir ortamda İslâm akaidinin yeni metot ve argümanlarla ele alındığı bu dönem, Yeni İlm-i Kelam dönemi olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bu makale çalışmasında biz, Yeni İlm-i Kelamın önemli temsilcilerinden İsmail Hakkı İzmirli’nin Allah’ın varlığını ispat sadedinde ne gibi çalışmalar yaptığını, özgün yönlerinin neler olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalıştık. İzmirli’nin birçok diğer eseri yanında özellikle Yeni İlm-i Kelâm kitabında isbât-ı vâcib delillerini geniş olarak incelediğini, inkârcıların itirazlarına cevaplar verdiğini görmekteyiz. Bu araştırmada İzmirli’nin açıkladığı ve katkılar sunduğu deliller; klasik deliller, klasik temelleri olan modern deliller ve doğrudan modern deliller şeklinde üçlü tasnife tabi tutularak incelenmiştir. İzmirli, imkân, hudûs, gâye ve nizâm gibi klasik delillerin yanı sıra fıtrat, ihtira, hareket ve inhisar gibi klasik temelli modern delilleri ve sonsuz, künhî (özsel), ezelî hakikatler, psikolojik güçler, ahlak, kemal ve kabul-i âmme gibi modern delilleri de inceleyip geliştirmiştir. İzmirli, Yeni İlm-i Kelam geleneği içindeki diğer düşünürlerden farklı olarak, hem klasik hem modern delilleri ele almış, klasik delillerdeki ayrıntılara yer vermemiş, modern delilleri İslam dinine uygun bir terminolojiyle özlü olarak temellendirip açıklamıştır.
Through the history of Kalam, efforts to prove the existence of Allah with rational (aqi) and transmitted (naqi) evidence have continued with diversification. In the 19th century when denialist movements became widespread through communication tools, it became even more important to prove the existence of God. In such a situation where Mutaahirin's Kalam were insufficient to address the problems of the modern period, this period in which the Islamic aqida was addressed with new methods and arguments was called The New Science of the Kalam Period. In this thesis, we have tried to reveal what Ismail Hakki Izmirli, one of the prominent representatives of the New Science of Kalam, has done in proving the existence of God and his unique aspects. Among all the works of Izmirli, we see that he has especially studied the proofs of isbat al-wajib extensively in the book of the New Science of Kalam and responded to the objections of the deniers. In this research, the evidence that Ivory has explained and made contributions to is analyzed by being subjected to the following forms of classifications: classical evidence, classic-based modern evidence and direct modern evidence. In addition to the classic evidence such as possibility, emergence (huduth), purpose and order (nizam), Izmirli has also examined and developed classic-based modern evidence such as nature (fitrah), creation (ikhtira), movement (movement) and exclusivity (inhisar), and modern evidence such as endless, essential (künhi), eternal truths, psychological powers, morality, perfection, and general acceptance (kabul al-'amma). Unlike other thinkers in the tradition of the New Science of Kalam, Izmirli examined both classical and modern evidence and did not include details in classical evidence; he grounded and explained these modern evidence with a terminology suitable for the Islamic religion.
Throughout the history of Kalam, efforts to prove the existence of Allah with rational (aqli) and transmitted (naqli) evidence have continued with diversification. In the 19th century when denialist movements became-widespread through communication tools, it became even more important to prove the existence of Allah. In such a situation where Mutaahirin’s Kalam were insufficient to tackle the problems of the modern period, this period in which the Islamic aqida was addressed with new methods and arguments was called The New Science of Kalam Period. In this thesis, we have tried to reveal what Ismail Hakki Izmirli, one of the prominant representatives of the New Science of Kalam, has done in proving the existence of Allah and his unique aspects. Among all the works of Izmirli, we see that he has especially studied the proofs of isbat al-wajib extensively in the book of the New Science of Kalam and responded to the objections of the deniers. In this research, evidences that Izmirli has explained and made contributions to is analyzed by being subjected to the following forms of classifications: classical evidences, classic-based modern evidences and direct modern evidences. In addition to the classic evidences such as possibility, emergence (huduth), purpose and order (nizam), Izmirli has also examined and developed classic-based modern evidences such as nature (fitrah), creation (ikhtira), movement (hareket) and exclusivity (inhisar), and modern evidences such as endless, essential (künhi), eternal truths, psychological powers, morality, perfection, and general acceptance (kabul al-‘amma). Unlike other thinkers in the tradition of the New Science of Kalam, Izmirli examined both classical and modern evidences and did not include details in classical evidences; he grounded and explained these modern evidences with a terminology suitable for the Islamic religion.
Field : İlahiyat
Journal Type : Ulusal
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