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Türkiye’deki Kamulaştırma ve Acele Kamulaştırma Uygulamasının Ölçülülük İlkesi ve Demokratik Toplum Düzeninin Gereklerine Uygunluğu
2016
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Ölçülülük ilkesi; 1982 Anayasası’nda sınırlama sınırı olarak yer alan ve kamu hukuku doktrini açısından içeriği en tartışmalı ilkelerden biridir. Ölçülülük ilkesinin genel kabul gören içeriği kapsamında, Anayasa Mahkemesi ve İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi'nin(İHAM) ölçülülük ilkesini ne şekilde yorumladığı ve ilkenin kamulaştırma işlemi açısından oluşturduğu güvence önem arz etmektedir. Ölçülülük ilkesi; sınırlamada başvurulan aracın sınırlama amacını gerçekleştirmeye elverişli olmasını, bu aracın sınırlama amacı açısından gerekli olmasını ve amaçla aracın ölçüsüz bir oran içinde bulunmamasıdır. İHAM nezdinde, kamulaştırma uygulamasından kaynaklı Türkiye aleyhine çok sayıda ihlal saptaması yapılmasının en önemli nedeni; yerel makamlarca ölçülülük denetiminin yeterli düzeyde yapılmamasıdır. Kamulaştırma işlemi esas alındığında ölçülülük ilkesinin yasama organını ve idari mercilerisınırlayan ve mülkiyet hakkını korumaya yönelik çerçevesi, bu ilkeyi tamamlayan demokratik toplum düzeninin gerekleri açısından da önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye’nin kamulaştırma uygulamasının incelenmesinde; özellikle kamulaştırma bedelinin takdir edildiği süreçte ve acele kamulaştırmalarda ölçülülük ilkesiyle bağdaşmayan sonuçlara odaklanılmıştır. Demokratik toplum düzeninin gerekleri, bir normatif standart olarak temel insan hakları metinlerinde korunan mülkiyet hakkına yönelik kamulaştırma müdahalesi karşısındada asgari güvenceler öngörmektedir. İHAM kararlarındasomutlaşankamu yararı ve bireysel mülkiyet hakkı arasındaki karşıtlığın “adil denge” testi uygulanarak denetlenmesi, kamulaştırma müdahalesi açısından da en makul hukuksal yöntem özelliğini taşımaktadır.

Keywords:

The Principle Of Measurability Of The Application Of Communalization and Urgent Communalization In Turkey and Compliance With The Needs Of The Democratic Society System
2016
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

The principle of measurability is one of the most controversial principles, which is included as a limitation limit in the 1982 Constitution and the content of the public law doctrine. In the context of the generally accepted content of the measurement principle, it is important to ensure how the Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights interpret the measurement principle and the principle is created in terms of the process of privatization. The principle of measurement is that the vehicle requested in limitation is suitable for the purpose of limitation, that the vehicle is necessary for the purpose of limitation, and that the vehicle for the purpose is not in an immeasurable proportion. The most important reason for the fact that a large number of violations against Turkey were identified due to the use of privatization is that the local authorities did not carry out sufficient measurement controls. The framework of the legislative body and the framework of the measurement principle to limit and protect the right of property, when it is based on the process of privatization, is also important in terms of the needs of the democratic social system that complements this principle. In the study of the application of privatization of Turkey, it focused on the results that are not in accordance with the principle of measurement, especially in the process where the privatization price is appreciated and in the urgent privatization. The demands of a democratic society system provide minimum guarantees against the privatization of the property rights protected in the basic human rights texts as a normative standard. The monitoring of the "fair balance" test of the contradiction between the interests of privatization and the individual property rights in the decisions of the HAM also carries the characteristic of the most reasonable legal method in terms of privatization intervention.

Keywords:

Turkey’s Expropriation and Rush Expropriation Practice and Its Compliance With The Principle Of Proportionality and Requirements Of The Democratic Order Of The Society
2016
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

The Principle of Proportionality is a principle placed in 1982 Constitution as a restriction limit and that its content is one of the most controversial principle in terms of public law doctrine. In the scope of content of generally accepted the principle of proportionality. It reflects importance that in what ways The Constitutional Court and The European Court of Human Rights(ECHR) comment the principle of proportionality and assurance of principle that poses expropriation. The principle of proportionality is ability of the tool applied for restrictions to realize purpose of limitation and it is necessity for the purpose of limitation tool. It is also a metered rate of purpose and tool. In ECHR the most important reason of violation decisions against Turkey that is related with expropriation is failure of proportionality control by local authorities. In this proceeding, on the basis of expropriation, the principle of proportionality is important in the context of requirements of the democratic and social order that complete this principle. Within the scope of the examination of the Turkey’s expropriation practice , the results incompatible with the principle of prportionality are especially focused on which are encountered during at the evaluation of the expropriation fee process and rush expropriaion pracice. The requirements of democratik society, as a normative standard, necessitate also some minimum guarantees against ezpropriation interference with the right of ownership protected under basic human rights statutes. The custady of the contrast between pulic interst and pivate property rights embodied in the ECHR decision with “fair balance” test bears the most reasonable legal method in terms of intervention as expropriation.

Keywords:

Citation Owners
Information: There is no ciation to this publication.
Turkish Studies

Field :   Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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