Abstract:

As a result of the rapid and unplanned urbanization, many problems as land loss, collapse of city centers, expansion to rural areas, increase in private car ownership and environmental issues have emerged. In metropolitan cities, all these negatively affect the right and demand of the urban residents to access the city life and creates a spatial layout that is hard to walk and access. The “New Urbanism Movement” emerged after the 1990s aims to put an end to these problems. In New Urbanism movement, the solutions for the urban transport are decreasing automobile dependency, improving public transport by determining the best mode of transport both within and outside the city with connections to the other centers and designing walkable, pedestrian-friendly roads and streets. In this direction, the study aims to point out the development of TOD (Transit Oriented Development), developed as a solution to urban transportation problems after 1990 and its benefits to urban space. Turkey has utilized the experiences in metropolitan cities as Florida, Boston, New Jersey etc. to create a guiding base for urban transportation/urban design policies. Within the scope of the study, the contributions of transit-oriented development to urban transportation are determined and its importance in creating pedestrian-friendly space is highlighted. The limitations of the study include the lack of similar projects in Turkey and selection of mega-city Istanbul as the sample of the project in the country. The method of the study is literature review on the solutions for public transportation and pedestrian-oriented transportation from past to present. The experiences of global metropolitan cities are transferred. In Turkey, mega-city Istanbul is assessed in these terms. Spatial evaluations regarding the transfer points and commonly used public transportation rail systems as metrobus, metro, tram etc. are conducted. The study utilizes a three-stage method: - Face-to-face interviews with Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) Directorate of Public Transportation. The semi-structured interview method, which is a qualitative research method, is utilized. Photographs and IMM maps are provided for a better understanding of the study. -It is aimed to create a guide for urban transportation/urban design strategies of Turkey using comparative analysis of megacity examples. In the comparative analysis, () refers to developed and () refers to underdeveloped. - In order to create a base for Turkey and Istanbul as a sample, the study also offers suggestions for pedestrian-oriented design/planning.

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