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Bir dilin söz varlığını oluşturan sözcükler yeni ihtiyaçlar, karşılaşılan durumlar, bir dilin veya bir sözcüğün diğerine etkisi vb. nedenlerle zaman içinde yeni birçok anlam olayına hatta sözcük ölümüne maruz kalabilir. Bu, tarih içinde her dilin yaşadığı bir durumdur. Bir dilin söz varlığı bu anlamda bir parça tarafından boşaltılan alanın diğer parça tarafından doldurulduğu büyük bir yapboza benzer. Bu çalışmada Eski Türkçe metinlerde çok sık rastlanmayan, yakın anlamlı çal- ve çap- fiillerinin zaman içinde yaşadıkları anlam değişiklikleri, kazandıkları yeni anlamlar ve birliktelik kullanımları lehçeler arası ilişkiler de göz önünde bulundurularak ele alınmıştır. Söz konusu iki fiil en eski dönemlerden beri nispeten daha sık kullanılan ur- fiili ile de anlam yakınlığına sahiptir. Çal- ve çap- fiilleri Türk dili tarihi içinde zaman zaman birbirine yaklaşan zaman zaman uzaklaşan bir görünüm arz etmektedir. Örneğin çal- fiili başlangıçta bugün “vurmak” şeklinde karşılayabileceğimiz temel anlamıyla büyük çoğunlukla yėrke çal- olarak kullanılmışken 14. yüzyıl ile birlikte “müzik aleti çalıştırmak” ve “hırsızlık etmek” anlamıyla da karşımıza çıkar. Çal- fiilinden daha az kullanılan, yansıma bir sözcük olan çap- fiili ise Divanü Lügati’t-Türk ’te ve sonraki dönemlerde farklı anlamlarıyla karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Words that form the vocabulary of a language may be subject to many new meanings or even word deaths over time due to new needs, different events, situations encountered, the effect of one language or one word on another, and so on. This is a situation that every language goes through in history. In this sense, the vocabulary of a language is similar to a large puzzle in which the field discharged by one part is filled by another. In this study, the changes of the meanings of the verbs play- and diameter- which had close-meanings- over time, which are not very common in the Old Turkish texts, the new meanings they have gained and the common use of them is discussed by the relationship between the dialects is taken into consideration. The two verbs mentioned have a close-meaning also with the verb ur-, which has been used relatively more frequently since the oldest periods. The verbs play- and diameter, in history of Turkish Language, offer a view that approach to each other or leave from each other view from time to time. For example, while the verb play- was originally used mostly as "to hit" today in the basic sense that we can know in the form of yėrke play-, with the 14th century and beyond it appears as "to play musical instriument" and "to steal". The verb diameter- is onomatopoeic verb which is less used more than the verb play-, appears in The Verbe and in later periods with different meanings.
Words that form the vocabulary of a language may be subject to many new meanings or even word deaths over time due to new needs, different events, situations encountered, the effect of one language or one word on another, and so on. This is a situation which every language goes through in history. In this sense, the vocabulary of a language is similar to a large puzzle in which the field discharged by one part is filled by another. In this study, the changes of the meanings of the verbs çal- and çap- -which had close-meanings- over time, which are not very common in the Old Turkish texts, the new meanings they have gained and the common use of them is discussed by relation between the dialects is taken into consideration. The two verbs mentioned have a close-meaning also with the verb ur-, which has been used relatively more frequently since the oldest periods. The verbs çal- and çap-, in history of Turkish Language, offer a view that approaching to each other or leave from each other view from time to time. For example, while the verb çal- was originally used mostly as “to hit” today in the basic sense that we can know in the form of yėrke çal-, with the 14th century and beyond it appears as “to play musical instriument” and “to steal”. The verb çap- is onomatopoeic verb which is less used more than the verb çal-, appears in Divanü Lügati’t-Türk and in later periods with different meanings.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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