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Amaç: İçsel büyüme teorilerinde, beşeri sermaye ekonomik büyümeyi etkileyen unsurlar arasında yer almaktadır. Beşeri sermaye faktörlerinden biri olan sağlık düzeyindeki artışlar bir yandan, işgücü verimliliğini arttırırken, diğer yandan yaşam süresini arttırarak fiziksel yatırımlardaki artış yoluyla ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif etki yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sağlık harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeye etkisi BRICS-T ülkeleri için ele alınmıştır. Tasarım/Yöntem: 2000-2018 döneminin ele alındığı çalışmada, sağlık harcamalarını temsilen kişi başına düşen sağlık harcamaları, ekonomik büyümeyi temsilen ise sabit fiyatlarla GSYH değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Uzun dönemli ilişkiyi sınamak amacıyla Westerlund (2008) DH (Durbin-Hausman) Eş Bütünleşme testi ve kısa dönemli ilişkinin varlığını test etmek amacıyla Kónya (2006) Bootstrap nedensellik testinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Westerlund (2008) DH (Durbin-Hausman) Eş Bütünleşme testi sonucunda, sağlık harcamaları ve ekonomik büyüme değişkenleri arasında eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin var olduğu sonucuna ulaşılırken, Kónya (2006) Bootstrap Nedensellik Test sonuçlarına göre sağlık harcamaları değişkeninden, ekonomik büyümeye doğru nedensellik ilişkisi söz konusu olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, BRICS-T ülkelerinde sağlık odaklı büyüme hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu destekler niteliktedir. Sınırlılıklar: Çalışmanın temel sınırlılığı örnekleme dahil edilen ülkeler ve 2000-2018 dönemleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Özgünlük/Değer: Bu çalışmada beşeri sermayenin önemli bir bileşeni olan sağlık harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi BRICS ülkeleri ve Türkiye için karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir.
Purpose: In the internal growth theories, human capital is among the elements that influence economic growth. Increases in health levels, one of the factors of human capital, on the one hand enhance labour efficiency, while on the other hand, increasing the lifetime, through the increase in physical investments, have a positive impact on economic growth. In this study, the impact of health expenditure on economic growth for the BRICS-T countries was discussed. Design/Method: In the study, which was discussed in the period 2000-2018, the health expenditure per person representing health expenditure and the economic growth representing GDP variables were used at fixed prices. For the purpose of testing the long-term relationship, Westerlund (2008) DH (Durbin-Hausman) tested the integration and the existence of the short-term relationship, Kónya (2006) Bootstrap causality test was used. The findings: Westerlund (2008) DH (Durbin-Hausman) Gender Integration test concluded that there is a gender integration relationship between health expenditure and economic growth variables, while Kónya (2006) Bootstrap Causal Test results concluded that the health expenditure variable to economic growth has a causal relationship. These findings are qualified to support that the health-focused growth hypothesis is valid in the BRICS-T countries. Limitations: The basic limitation of the study is determined as the countries included in the sample and the period 2000-2018. Originality/Value: The impact of health expenditure on economic growth, which is an important component of human capital, has been comparatively analyzed for the BRICS countries and Turkey.
Purpose: Human capital is among the factors affecting economic growth in endogenous growth theories. Increases in health, which is one of the human capital factors, not only increases labor productivity but also has a positive effect on economic growth by increasing life expectancy and increasing physical investments. In this study, the effect of health expenditures on economic growth is discussed for BRICS-T countries. Design/Methodology: Per capita health expenditures representing health expenditures and GDP variables with fixed prices were used to represent economic growth in this study covering the period of 2000-2018. Westerlund (2008) DH (Durbin-Hausman) Cointegration test was applied to test the long-termed relationship; Kónya (2006) Bootstrap causality test was utilized to test the existence of a short-term relationship. Findings: Westerlund (2008) DH (Durbin-Hausman) co-integration test results in the conclusion that there is a co-integration relationship between health expenditures and economic growth variables, according to the Kónya (2006) Bootstrap Causality Test results, there is a causality relationship from the health expenditure variable to economic growth. These results support the validity of the health-oriented growth hypothesis in BRICS-T countries. Limitations: The main limitation of the study was determined as the countries included in the sampling and the period of 2000-2018. Originality/Value: In this study, the effect of health expenditures, which is an important component of human capital, on economic growth was analyzed comparatively for BRICS countries and Turkey.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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