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Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de bankacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bankaların sermaye yapılarının finansal performansları üzerine etkisini araştırmaktadır. Çalışmada 10 bankanın 2004-2019 dönemine ait verileri yıllık olarak incelenmiştir. Bağımlı değişkenler olarak Aktif Kârlılığı (ROA), Özkaynak Kârlılığı (ROE) ve Net Faiz Marjı (NFM) bağımsız değişkenler olarak da Toplam Mevduat/Toplam Krediler (TM/TK), Toplam Mevduat/Toplam Pasif (TM/TP), Özkaynak/Toplam Mevduat (ÖZK/TM), Özkaynak/Toplam Krediler (ÖZK/TK), Özkaynak/Toplam Aktifler (ÖZK/TA), Z Skorunun Logaritması ve Finansal Kaldıraç (FO) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada üç farklı bağımlı değişken kullanıldığı için üç farklı model oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada yöntem olarak Panel veri analizi kullanılmıştır. Panel regresyonda FOLS, LM ve Hausman istatistiklerinin hesaplanması ile sabit etkiler yönteminin kullanılması gerektiği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda ROA üzerinde TM/TK, ÖZK/TK, ÖZK/TA ve Z Skorunun ROE üzerinde FO, ÖZK/TA ve Z Skorunun NFM üzerinde ise FO, TM/TP, ÖZK/TM, ÖZK/TA ve Z Skorunun etkili olduğu görülmüştür.
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the capital structures of the banks operating in the banking sector in Turkey on their financial performance. The study examined the data of 10 banks for the period 2004-2019 annually. As dependent variables, active profitability (ROA), self-source profitability (ROE) and net interest margin (NFM) are also used as independent variables: total deposit/total loans (TM/TK), total deposit/total passive (TM/TP), self-source/total deposit (ÖZK/TM), self-source/total loans (ÖZK/TK), self-source/total assets (ÖZK/TA), logaritm of Z score and financial lift (FO). Three different models have been created since three different dependent variables were used in the study. Panel data analysis is used as a method of study. The panel regression resulted in the calculation of FOLS, LM and Hausman statistics and the use of the fixed effects method. The study found that the score of TM/TK, ÖZK/TK, ÖZK/TA and Z on the ROA; the score of FO, ÖZK/TA and Z on the ROE; and the score of FO, TM/TP, ÖZK/TM, ÖZK/TA and Z on the NFM.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect capital structures of banking operating in the banking sector in Turkey on the financial performance of banks. In the study, the data of 10 banks for the period 2004-2019 are analyzed annually. In the study, Asset Profitability (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Net Interest Ratio (NFM) as dependent variables; as independent variables, Total Deposits / Total Loans (TM / TK), Total Deposits / Total Liabilities (TM / TP), Equity / Total Deposits (OZK / TM), Equity / Total Loans (OZK / TK), Equity / Total Assets (OZK / TA), Logarithm of Z Score and Financial Leverage (FO) were used. Since three different dependent variables are analyzed in the study, three different models are created. Panel regression method is used in the study. It is concluded that the fixed effects method should be used by calculating FOLS, LM and Hausman statistics. In the results of analysis; TM / TK, ÖZK / TK, ÖZK / TA and Z Score on ROA; FO, ÖZK / TA and Z Score on ROE; FO, TM / TP, ÖZK / TM, ÖZK / TA and Z Score are effective on NFM.
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