Abstract:

Purpose: Functional and biomechanical alterations have not been clarified yet although motor retardation, coordination and balance impairment are prevalent in schizophrenia patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of postural stability, temporal-spatial gait parameters, dynamic plantar load distribution and functional performance, between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Methods: Twenty-four schizophrenia patients and twenty-three healthy controls participated in this study. Functional performance was assessed by measuring 6-min walking distance. Functional performance was assessed by measuring 6-min walk distance. Biodex Balance System was used to postural stability and dynamic pedobarographic analysis was conducted using a pressure platform. Results: Six minute walking distance was significantly lower in schizophrenia group than control group (p<0.001). Overall, anteroposterior and mediolateral stability score in static, dynamic and single leg on right and left foot conditions were higher in schizophrenia group (p<0.001). Time spent in quadrant IV (right anterior quadrant) in static condition and time spent in quadrant I (right posterior quadrant) in dynamic condition were less in schizophrenia group (p<0.05). Maximum plantar pressure in forefoot of both feet and in heel of non-dominant foot were less in schizophrenia group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results revealed that functional performance was reduced, postural stability was impaired, and dynamic plantar pressure was altered in schizophrenia patients however temporal-spatial gait parameters were similar with healthy adults. These results may help to understand the underlying mechanisms of motor deteriorations, coordination and balance problems in schizophrenia patients.

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