Abstract:

In this work, Science and Philosophy accumulation in the Ottoman Era, or the Ottoman History of Thought, is discussed in three phases which are "Old Philosophy Period", "The Period between Old and New Philosophy" and "New Philosophy Period". In this sense, "Old Philosophy Period" which encompasses 14th to 16th centuries is evaluated within the framework of Islamic Thought Tradition in relation to the concept of science; in 17th and 18th centuries, which are called "The Period between Old and New Philosophies" are analyzed as a process of influence from Western science and technology and the relationship of such influence with science, mainly from Cappuccino Chelebi sources. "New Philosophy Period", which corresponds to the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century is studied within the course of hot discussion about sciences between figures such as Hoca Tahsin Efendi, Ahmed Mithat Efendi about materialism, evolutionism, positivism and their attempts on the unification of science and religion. Therefore, when we carefully review the three periods, we cannot say that the scientific and philosophical activities are carried out independently from religion. Such that the first period went out in the dominance of Traditionalist centred around science; in the second period there were some influence gained from Western science and technology, but Traditional thought remained because of many political crises; and finally, the third period witnessed the competition between Traditionalist and the Reformists who began to emerge in the second period.

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