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  Citation Number 1
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İslam İktisâdında Birey: Davranışsal İktisât Perspektifinden Bir Analiz
2022
Journal:  
Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Neoklasik iktisat (Ana akım) bireyini akılcılık ve bencillik temel varsayımları üzerinden evrenselleştirmiştir. Amacını da faydasını maksimize eden olarak tanımlamıştır. Ancak son zamanlarda vuku bulan çalışmalar artık rasyonel birey tanımlamasının gerçek insanı açıklamada yetersiz kaldığını göstermektedir. Nitekim bu noktada davranışsal iktisat, insanların bilişsel yanlılıklarını gerekçe gösterirken, İslam ahlakını esas alan İslam İktisadı da bireylerin ahlaki yapıları gereği rasyonellik varsayımından uzak davranış sergilediklerini öne sürmektedir. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde davranışsal iktisat ile İslam iktisâdının bireylerin rasyonel olmadıkları konusunda hemfikir oldukları görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak, ana akım iktisadın rasyonel birey olgusu ve bu olguya karşı geliştirilmiş itirazlar incelenmiştir. Sonrasında davranışsal iktisattaki birey incelenmiştir. Son olarak da din ile birey arasındaki ilişki ile İslam iktisâdındaki birey analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, ana akım iktisadın birey tanımlamasında esas alınan rasyonellik varsayımının her zaman geçerli olamayacağını göstermektir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak literatür taramasına dayalı bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmadan, İslam iktisâdının insanı tanımlarken temel ilke olarak öne sürdüğü ahlaki yapının bireyleri rasyonellik varsayımından uzaklaştıracağı analiz edilmiştir. Bu sonuç davranışsal iktisatçılara göre bilişsel bir yanlılık olan ahlak duygusuna vurgu yaptığı için İslam iktisâdının davranışsal iktisada bir katkısı olarak vuku bulmuştur.

Keywords:

Individual In Islamic Economy: An Analysis From A Behavioral Economy Perspective
2022
Author:  
Abstract:

The neoclassical economy (the main stream) universalized the individual through the basic assumptions of rationality and selfishness. He also defined his purpose as a maximum of benefit. However, recent studies have shown that the rational identification of the individual is now insufficient in the explanation of the real person. In fact, at this point, behavioral economics justify people’s cognitive errors, while Islamic Economics, which is based on Islamic morality, suggests that individuals are distant from the rationality assumption due to their moral structures. From this point of view, behavioral economics and Islamic economics seem to agree that individuals are not rational. In this study, first, the rational individual phenomenon of the mainstream economy and the developed objections against this phenomenon were studied. The individual in the behavioral economy was then studied. Finally, the relationship between the religion and the individual and the individual in the Islamic economy was analyzed. The aim of the study is to show that the rationality assumption based on the individual definition of the mainstream economy cannot always be valid. The study was conducted on the basis of a literary scan analysis. Without the study, it has been analyzed that the moral structure that the Islamic economy suggests as a fundamental principle when defining man will remove individuals from the rational assumption. This result has found that because the behavioral economists have emphasized the moral feeling, which is a cognitive misconduct, the Islamic economy has seen it as a contribution to the behavioral economy.

Keywords:

The Individual In The Islamic Iktisâd: An Analysis From The Behavioural Economics Pespective
2022
Author:  
Abstract:

Neoclassical economics (Mainstream) has universalized the individual on the basic assumptions of rationality and selfishness. It has defined its purpose as maximizing its utility. However, recent studies show that the definition of rational individual is insufficient to explain the real person. As a matter of fact, while behavioural economics justifies people's cognitive biases at this point, Islamic iktisâd, which is based on Islamic morality, put forward the moral structures of individuals. When evaluated from this point of view, it is seen that behavioural economics and Islamic iktisâd agree that individuals are not rational. In this study, the rational individual phenomenon in mainstream economics, the individual phenomenon in behavioural economics and the individual phenomenon in Islamic iktisâd were analysed based on literature review, respectively. From the study, it was analysed that the moral structure suggested by Islamic iktisâd as the basic principle when defining human beings would move individuals away from the assumption of rationality. This result occurred as a contribution of Islamic iktisâd to behavioural economics, as it emphasized the sense of morality, which is a cognitive bias according to behavioural economists.

Keywords:

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Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

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