Abstract:

Qaṣr is a literary style used in Arabic rhetoric to limit, specify or narrow down a word, a meaning or a concept with a certain expression style. Qaṣr style is also a method of expression used to strengthen, emphasize and explain the meaning. This style is also known by different terms in the science of rhetoric, such as ḥaṣr and taḫṣīṣ. Various ways are used in the application of this style. Knowing these ways, determining the literary and rhetorical subtleties between them and transferring them to literary texts is an important issue. In this study, detailed information is given about the definition, historical development, types and ways of qaṣr art, and it is aimed to comprehend the subject in a holistic way. Especially for understanding the literary and rhetorical differences between qaṣr ways, each qaṣr way is examined under a separate title, and necessary explanations are made with examples. The most widely accepted nefiy + istisna, inema, attributive letters, taqdīm, fasl pronoun and harf-i taʿrīf ways in rhetoric sources are discussed. After defining each qaṣr way, the elements that make up the qaṣr ways and their places in the sentence are shown. If there are any disagreements on the subject, they are briefly mentioned, and then the rhetorical effects of the qaṣr way are emphasized. At the end of the study, there is a table showing all the qasr ways examined and the semantic differences between them. In the study, mainly classical dictionary and rhetoric sources were used, and sometimes modern studies were also benefited from.

Keywords: