Abstract:

In the first half of the eleventh century, when the Great Seljuk State was founded, the Sunni Abbasid rule in Baghdad under the pressure of Deylemi, Buveyhi and Fatimid was rescued by the Seljuk sultans. Thurul Beg, who came to Baghdad and approved the religious legitimacy of his reign, has not lost his influence on the caliphate, but has gained a great reputation in the Sunni Islamic world. The Sultan then expanded both the boundaries of his state and the religious domain of the caliph in the same way that he conquered Turkestan and Byzantine borders. Tuğrul Beg accompanied his wife Arslan Hatun, a Caliph Kaim-Biemrillah, to Baghdad. Thus, the kinship between the Seljuks and the caliphate was established. The Seljuk Sultan wanted this political marriage and a mother who had a Turkish mother in the caliph's palace. Although Turğrul Beg had difficulties in marrying the caliph's daughter, the marriage had taken place with the conviction of Khalifa. In the ascension period of the Seljuks, the Abbasid caliphs brought political and military support to the level of establishing kinship relations with the sultans. The sultans wanted to have caliphate candidates from their blood in Baghdad through this kinship. The need for sultans to expand borders and the desire to expand the sphere of influence of the caliphs constituted the basis of the relations. However, in the thought of moving the state center of Melikshah from Isfahan to Baghdad, it changed the course of the relations and transformed it into a secret recipe. Melikshah realized that Baghdad was more strategic in Isfahan's conquests in the west and in the center of the vast state territory there. For this reason, he considered Baghdad as a state center and told the visier Nizamulmulk the idea that the Abbasid caliph Mawtari should leave. In our study, we tried to make the course of Seljuk sultans' relations with the caliphs in terms of political power and religious legitimacy.

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