Abstract:

Commercial outward transparency is described as an important concept that has gained importance along with the influence of globalization and that represents integration into the international economy, contributing to the achievement of social welfare. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of commercial external transparency on human development from well-being indicators within the framework of the V4 countries. The study conducted a balanced panel data analysis using data between 1995 and 2014. The study includes the Human Development Index published by the UNDP as a dependent variable. In the study, the trade outward transparency ratio (export+export/GDP) was used as an indicator of trade transparency from independent variables. In addition, the public health expenditure’s share in GDP, the public education expenditure’s share in GDP, the inflation rate, foreign capital direct investments, economic growth rate and population growth are included in the study. The study found that in the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, which are called the V4 countries, commercial outdoors have a positive impact on human development.