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Basını dördüncü güç olarak niteleyen yaklaşımlara göre medya, temsili demokrasilerde çoğulculuğu sağlayan en önemli araçtır. Bu paralellikte engelli bireyler de demokratik bir iletişim düzeninin koşulu olarak, kendi seslerini basında duyurabilmek haklarını savunabilmek ve geri planda kalan sorunlarını medyanın gündemine taşımak istemektedir. Medyanın engelli bireylere ilişkin haberlere yer vermesi, bu manada önem arz etmektedir. Yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda, medya ve engelliler konusunu içeren çalışmaların sayısının oldukça sınırlıdır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 10-16 Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasına denk gelen “Dünya Engelliler Haftası” süresince yayınlanan Hürriyet, Milliyet ve Sabah gazeteleri oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türk basınının engellilere ilişkin haberleri nasıl bir haber söylemi ile okuyucuya sunduklarını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada incelenen gazetelerde, ilgili zaman aralığında toplam 46 engelli haberine yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Engelliliğin söylemsel yapısı, engelliğin kavramsal çerçevesi düzleminde bireysel/tıbbi, azınlık/toplumsal, olumlayıcı modelleri ortaya koymuştur. 3 temel kavramsal modele göre seçilen 9 haber, Teun Van Dijk’ın eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi referans alınarak incelenmiştir. Toplumsal yaşam içinde dezavantajlı konumda olan engelli kişilere sınırlı bir biçimde yer veren örneklem dahilindeki gazetelerde, engelliliği kavramsallaştırma şekilleri olduğu görülmüştür. Toplum engellileri yazılı basının temsil ettiği biçimiyle algılamaktadır. Bu bağlamda temsillere konu olanların özelliklerinden çok, onları üreten ve yayanların yargılarını yansıtmakta olduğu söylenebilmektedir.
According to the approaches that describe the press as the fourth power, the media is an important tool that provides pluralism in representative democracies. In this parallel, disabled persons, as a condition of a democratic communication system, want to be able to announce their own voices in the press, to defend their rights and to bring their remaining problems to the agenda of the media. The fact that the media reports about the disabled individuals is important in this sense. As a result of the scan of the literature, the number of works that include the subject of media and disabled people is quite limited. The sample of the study is made by the Hürriyet, Nationalism and Morning newspapers published during the "World Week of Disabled People" which corresponds to 10-16 May 2019. The purpose of this research is to reveal how the Turkish press provides news about the disabled with a news statement to the reader. According to the study, a total of 46 disabled news reports have been published in the period. The vocational structure of disability has revealed the individual/medical, minority/social, positive models in the conceptual framework of disability. 9 news selected according to 3 basic conceptual models, was studied by reference to Teun Van Dijk’s critical speech analysis. In the newspapers that are limited to disabled persons in a disadvantaged position in social life, disability has been shown to be conceptualized in ways. The social disabilities are perceived in the form in which the written press is represented. In this context, it can be said that the characteristics of the representations are more than the characteristics of those who produce them and reflect the judgments of those who eat them.
According to the approaches that characterize the press as the fourth power, media representation is the most important tool providing pluralism in democracies. As a condition of a democratic communication order, individuals with disabilities want to be able to express their opinions and voices in the press, to defend their rights and to bring their remaining problems to the agenda of the media. It is important for the media to include news about people with disabilities. It has been observed as a result of the literature review that the number of studies involving the media and the disabled is quite limited. The sample of the study consists of Hürriyet, Milliyet and Sabah newspapers published during the "World Disability Week", which coincides between 10-16 May 2019. The purpose of this research is to unearth the ways in which the Turkish press presented the news about the disabled with a news discourse to the reader. It has been determined in the newspapers analyzed under the study that a total of 46 news accounts are included in the relevant time interval. Individual / medical, minority / social affirmative models have been introduced at the level of the discursive structure of disability and the conceptual framework of disability. 9 news items, selected according to 3 basic conceptual models, have been analyzed with reference to Teun Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis. It has been observed that there are various ways to conceptualize disability in the newspapers within the sample, by attaching a limited place to people with disabilities who are disadvantaged in social life. Community perceives people with disabilities in the way they are represented in the print media. In this context, it can be said that it reflects the judgments of those who produce and spread them, rather than the characteristics of those who are subject to these representations.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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