Özet:

This research aims to reveal the view of the Ottoman administration of the Egyptian literary and historic Shevki Dayf as one of the traces of modern Arab literature, and in particular Egyptian literature. Therefore, as an example of modern Arab literaries, an analytical study was conducted on the work of Shevki Dayf, the name of the Arabic-Arabic-Mu'âsir fî Egypt. The problem of the study is the view that modern Arab literaries have adopted the idea that, when it comes to Arab countries, the Ottoman government is one of the most important factors that limit and retard the direction of modern Arab literature. Zira Shevki Dayf's work on the history of Arab literature has formed the foundation of many of the works written after him. From this point on, we will try to clarify the idea that the Ottoman government for Egypt, as one of the main causes of the decline of modern Arab literature, is considered to be one of the ideas of Dayf as one of the literary writers who are interested in Arab literature and who are authors of the work about its history. This research has been inspired by the examination of the work called al-Edebu'l-Arabiyyu'l-Mu'âsir fî Egypt as well as the other works of Shevki Dayf in order to make the historic method of Arabic literature appear. The importance of this research lies in the fact that it is one of the most important issues of modern Arab literature and has been addressed the fundamental issue of the Turkish-Arab relations. In this study, the method of thumb existing was followed in order to investigate all aspects of the views that Shevki Dayf mentioned and revealed its direction, and then the method of qualitative analysis was used in order to take into account the evaluation and background of all the texts. Our work has achieved some important results. Some of them are as follows: Shevki Dayf did not deal with the Arab literature of the Ottoman era in the framework of a particular section. The limited references to the Ottoman era appear that this period does not represent the reality of Arab literature. Moreover, most of the researchers and modern writers influenced by Shevki Dayf, XX. The works revealed in the century and the Ottoman era continued to ignore the Arab literature, continuing to say that this era was a recession period.

Özet:

This study aims to identify the Egyptian literary critic and historian Shawqi Daif’s view of the Ottoman Empire’s rule in the Arab world as having a great influence on contemporary Arabic literature. We seek to present an analysis through examining Shawqi Daif’s book Contemporary Arabic Literature in Egypt. The problem that this research considers is that most contemporary Arab authors considered the Ottoman Empire’s rule in Arab countries as one of the most important influences that determined trends in contemporary Arabic literature. Moreover, they considered it to be the cause of the decline of Arabic literature. This is because most of these authors used Shawqi Daif’s books on the history of Arabic literature as their main source of reference. We attempt to identify and analyze Shawqi Daif’s opinions as a historian who chronicled Arabic literature. Then we highlight his argument that the Ottoman rule in Egypt was one of the most important influences that caused the decline of contemporary Arabic literature. This research will be mainly focused on a review of Shawqi Daif’s book Contemporary Arabic Literature in Egypt, with reference to some of his other books that indicate the method he used in examining the history of Arabic literature. This study addresses an important problem in contemporary Arabic literature and one that has had a significant impact on the Arab–Turkish relationship in several aspects, especially in the literary aspect. The researcher relied on the descriptive–analytical method to analyze the data collected, after employing the inductive method to examine Shawqi Daif’s perspective. The research revealed the following findings: Shawqi Daif’s study on Arabic literature was based on limited references of the Ottoman era. Moreover, his study failed to present the reality of Arab literature during the time. However, most of the modern Arabic writers are affected by and follow Shawqi Daif on his result which leads to a regression of the contemporary literary study.

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