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Tarihi kaynaklarda Türk kökenli oldukları yönünde kayıtlar bulunan, Celayirliler, Miladi VI.-VII. yüzyıllarda dağınık kabile ve oymaklar halinde Moğolistan’ın doğusunda, Onon ve Kerulen (Keluren-Kerulan) Nehri kıyıları ile Baykal Gölü arasında kalan bölgede göçebe bir halde ve çoğunluğu Uygurlara tabi olarak yaşamışlardır. Gerek Cengiz Han’ın kurduğu Moğol Devletinde gerekse haleflerinin kurduğu devletlerin kaderinde de etkili olmuşlardır. 1253’de Moğol şehzadesi Hülegü Han ile Batı Asya’ya gelen bu kabile liderleri, bölgedeki fetihlerde ve İlhanlı Devletinin (Türk-Moğol kabilelerine dayanan) kuruluşundan tarih sahnesinden silinmesine kadarki süreçte, Çobanlılar (Sulduzlar) ile beraber, vazgeçilmez siyasi ve askeri unsurlardan biri olmuşlardır. İhanlı Sultanı Ebu Said Bahadır Han’ın 736/1335-1336 yılında ölümünden sonra saltanat kavgaları ile yıkılmaya yüz tutan İlhanlılar Devleti’nin kargaşa içinde geçen son yıllarında, Celayirli Büyük Şeyh Hasan, birçok siyasi ve askeri mücadelenin ardından 740/1339-1340’da, İlhanlılar coğrafyasında yaklaşık bir asır hüküm sürecek olan Celeyiroğulları (İlkanlılar) Devleti’nin temellerini atmıştır. İlhanlı ve Timurlu Devletleri arasında ki süreçte hayatta kalma mücadelesi veren, Celeyiroğulları (İlkanlılar) Devleti’nin Tarihi hakkında Günümüze kadar Türkiye’de, çok fazla çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu nedenle çalışma konumuz olan bu makale ile İran coğrafyasında ki Türk-Moğol hâkimiyeti döneminin yaklaşık yirmi yıllık bir bölümünü kapsayan Sultan Uveys Bahadır Han dönemini siyasi açıdan incelemeye çalıştık.
In historical sources there are records that they are Turkish origin, Celayirl, Miladi VI.-VII. For centuries, in the form of dispersed tribes and cities, they lived in the east of Mongolia, in the remaining area between the onon and Kerulen river coasts and the Baykal Lake, and most of them under the Uighurs. The need for the Mongolian state founded by Cengiz Han has also influenced the fate of the states founded by their successors. In 1253 the Mongolian townman Hülegü Han and these tribe leaders arrived in West Asia, in the conquests in the region and in the process of the establishment of the Divine State (based on the Turkish-Mongol tribes) from the historical stage, together with the Shepherds (Sulduzlars), became one of the indispensable political and military elements. In the last years of the Conflict of the Divine State, which faced the destruction with the struggles of sovereignty after the death of the Irani Sultan Abu Said Bahadır Han in 736/1335-1336 , the Celayirli Grand Sheikh Hasan, after many political and military struggles in 740/1339-1340, put the foundations of the Celeyiro Son (Ilkanis) State, which will be ruling for about a century in the Divine geography. There has not been much work done in Turkey until today on the history of the Celeyiro Son (Ilkani) State, which has been fighting for survival in the process between the Divine and Eastern States. Therefore, with this article, which is our work topic, we tried to investigate from a political point of view the Sultan Uveys Bahadır Han period, which covers about twenty-year period of Turkish-Mongol rule in the Iranian geography.
Jalayirs, who are referred to as a people with Turkic origins in historical records, lived in Eastern Mongolia, in the region remaining between the rivers Onon and Kerulen and Lake Baikal in 6th and 7th Centuries AD as scattered nomadic tribes and clans and mostly under the domination of the Uighur. They had a role to play in the destinies of both the Mongolian State established by Genghis Khan and the states founded by his predecessors. Arriving in the Western Asia in 1253 accompanying the Mongolian prince Hulagu, the leaders of these tribes, along with the Suldus, became an essential political and military element in the conquests and in the region during the era starting from the foundation of the Ilkhanid State (based on Turkic-Mongolian tribes) until it ceased to exist.nDuring the chaotic last years of the Ilkhanid State, which was on the brink of destruction with constant fighting over the throne following death of the Ilkhanid Sultan, Abu Said Bahadir Khan in 736/1335-1336, Shaikh Hasan the Great of the Jalayir laid the foundation for the Jalayir State after many political and military struggles in 740/1339-1340, and the state would rule in the Ilkhanid territory for approximately a century. To this day, not many studies have been published in Turkey about the history of the Jalayir State that struggled hard for survival in the process between the Ilkhanid State and Timurid State. Therefore, in this study, we attempt to analyze the reign of Sultan Uwais Bahadir Khan, representing approximately twenty years in the era of Turkic-Mongolian domination in the geographical area that is Iran today, from a political perspective.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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