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23
19 Ekim 1996 tarihli Lahey Sözleşmesi, iç hukukun bir parçası haline gelmekle; soy bağının hüküm ve sonuçlarından olan velayet sorumluluğuna ilişkin kanunlar ihtilafı kuralları üzerinde önemli değişiklikler getirmektedir. Sözleşme hükümleri, gerek çocuğun velayetine ilişkin tedbirler yönünden MÖHUK’un 14/4 hükmüne gerek velayete uygulanacak hukuku düzenleyen MÖHUK’un 17. maddesine göre öncelikli uygulanacak olmakla birlikte, aynı zamanda çocuğun vesayetine ilişkin hükümlerde de esaslı değişiklik ve etkiler doğurmuştur. Çalışmamızda, öncelikle vesayetin tanımı yapılıp, diğer kavramlardan farkı açıklandıktan sonra çocuğun vesayetini ilgilendiren kanunlar ihtilafı meseleleri detaylı olarak incelenecektir. Çocuğun vesayetine ilişkin hükümler taşıyan ve de yabancılık unsuru taşıyan vesayet ilişkilerine uygulanacak hukuku düzenleyen çok taraflı milletlerarası sözleşmeler kısaca listelenip, açıklandıktan sonra 1996 tarihli Lahey Sözleşmesi’nin MÖHUK hükümleri üzerindeki olası etkisi detaylı olarak incelenecektir. Çocuğun vesayetine uygulanacak hukukun dört yönü bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri, çocuğun vesayetine ilişkin koruyucu tedbirlere uygulanacak hukuk, çocuğun vesayet altına alınmasını gerektiren sebeplere uygulanacak hukuk, vesayetin tevdi taleplerine ve vesayetin devamı taleplerine uygulanacak hukuk ve son olarak çocuğun vesayetinin sona ermesi taleplerine uygulanacak hukuktur.
The 19th October 1996 Lahai Convention, becoming part of the domestic law, brings significant changes to the rules of conflict in the laws on custody responsibility, which are the terms and consequences of the tribal bond. The provisions of the contract shall be applied priority in accordance with Article 17 of the law which regulates the law to be applied to the child's guardianship in terms of the measures relating to the child's guardianship, but the provisions relating to the child's guardianship have also made substantial changes and effects. In our study, first the definition of the child will be made, and after the difference from the other concepts will be explained, the laws concerning the child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child's child. The multilateral international agreements that regulate the law to be applied to the child’s childhood relations and foreignity elements will be briefly listed and, after its publication, the potential impact of the 1996 Hague Convention on the provisions of the Hague Convention will be detailed. There are four aspects of the law to be applied to the child's custody. One of these is the law to be applied to protective measures relating to the child’s welfare, the law to be applied to the reasons that require the child’s welfare, the law to be applied to the claims of welfare and the continued claims of welfare, and finally the claims to end the welfare of the child.
With the ratification by the Turkish Republic of the Hague Convention dated October 19, 1996, there have been major consequences on the rules of conflict of laws on parental responsibility in relation to the custody of children. Regarding to the article 1/2 of Turkish Private International Law (MOHUK), the provisions of Hague Convention will be applied with priority, not just only to the provisional measures on custody which is regulated in article 14/4 of MOHUK or to the conflict of laws rules on paternity which will be determined according to article 17 but also applied to the conflicts on child’s guardianship having foreign element. In this paper, we first define the concept of guardianship and then we examine the differences between other institutions. Multilateral conventions dealing with guardianship responsibility as well as related provisions on the conflict of rules on the guardianship of children are also briefly explained. This paper focuses on the direct effect of the Hague Convention dated 1996 to the Article 10 of MÖHUK for guardianship issues. The applicable law related to guardianship responsibility over a child has four pillars. The first pillar is the applicable law relating to provisional measures of guardianship, whereas the second pillar is the applicable law to the establishment of guardianship relations between the child and the guardian. The third pillar is the applicable law to attribution and exercise of guardianship and the last pillar is the applicable law to the termination of guardianship responsibility.
Alan : Hukuk
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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