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Türkiye’nin değişen ve gelişen toplumsal yapısı içerisinde, öğretmenlere önem verildiği ve onların, toplumu çağdaş uygarlık düzeyine çıkaracak uzmanlar olarak görüldüğü ve bunun da uygulamalara yansıdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Öğrencilerin okulla ilk tanıştıkları dönem olan ilkokul dönemi öğrencilerin tüm eğitim öğretim hayatının temelini oluşturmakla birlikte aynı zamanda da kalıcı beceri ve öğrenmelerin yaşandığı aktif bir süreci tanımlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu dönemde ilkokul öğretmenlerine büyük sorumluluk düşmektedir. Öğretmen, en genel tanımıyla, öğrenmeye rehberlik eden kişidir. Ülkemizde 4+4+4 eğitim sistemine geçilmesi ile ilkokullar tekrar bağımsız okul yapısına kavuşmuş, 5 yıl olan ilkokul süresi 4 yıla indirilmiştir. İlkokulların eğitim süresinin 4 yıla indirilmesi sınıf öğretmeni ihtiyacının azalmasına neden olmuştur. Türkiye’de öğretmen yetiştirme sorununun daha iyi anlaşılması için geçmişten günümüze tarihi bir süreç içerisinde öğretmen eğitiminin incelenmesi ve bu konunun önemi hakkında bilgi verilmesi önemli görülmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı’dan günümüze kadar ilkokul öğretmeni yetiştirme süreci kronolojik olarak incelenmiş ve yaşanılan değişimler ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırmada veri kaynağını, birincil veri kaynaklarından olan belgeler oluşturmaktadır. Bu belgeler nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan doküman analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; Türk eğitim tarihinde öğretmen yetiştirmenin çok önemli ve eski bir tarihi geçmişinin olduğu, öğretmen yetiştirmek için zaman zaman köklü çözümler düşünüldüğü, öğretmen yetiştiren yeni kuruluşların oluşturulduğu, bazen de geçici önlemlere başvurulduğu görülmüştür.
In Turkey’s changing and developing social structure, it is clear that teachers are attended and they are seen as experts to bring society to the level of contemporary civilization, and this is reflected in the practices. The period in which students first met at school, the primary school period is the basis of the entire teaching life of the students while also defines an active process in which permanent skills and learning are experienced. At this time, the teachers have a lot of responsibility. The teacher, in its most general definition, is the person who guides to learning. With the transition to the 4+4+4 educational system in our country, primary schools have re-established the independent school structure, the primary school period of 5 years has been reduced to 4 years. Reducing the period of primary school education to 4 years has led to a decrease in the need for classmates. In Turkey, it is important to understand the problem of teaching education in a historic process from the past to the present and to provide information about the importance of this subject.
In this study, the process of training the primary school teacher from Ottoman to today has been chronologically studied and revealed changes that have been experienced. In the research, the data source is created by documents from primary data sources. These documents have been studied by the method of document analysis of the quality research methods. According to the research, in the Turkish education history, teaching has a very important and ancient historical history, sometimes root solutions are considered for teaching, new institutions are created for teaching, and sometimes temporary measures are applied.
Turkey's changing and evolving in the social structure, and their attention has been paid to the teachers, the community will take to the level of contemporary civilization is seen as experts and it also seems to be reflected in practice. Which is the period where they met with school students during primary school students form the basis of the entire academic life but also experiencing persistent skills and learning is an active process that defines. In this era of so great a burden rests on the elementary school teacher. The teacher, in the most general definition, is the person who guides learning. In our country, with the 4+4+4 education system, the Primary education has gained its independence again. However, the education period in primary education has been decreased to 4 years from 5 years. This has led to a dicrease in the need for primary school teachers. A better understanding of the problem of teacher training in Turkey investigation of teacher education within a historical process fort he past to the present and to provide information about the importance of this issue is required.
In this study,the process of the training of primary school teachers from the Ottoman Empire has been presented in chronological order and livable examined changes have been introduced. In the study, data source, create documents is one of the primary data source. These documents, which document analysis method of qualitative research methods have been studied by. train teachers, has been seen that sometimes resorting to temporary measures.In conclusion, the Turkish education on teacher education is very important and ancient historical background, which is to train teachers time to time for radical solutions were considered, teacher training of new institutions are created, sometimes temporary measures referenced was observed.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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