Abstract:

The issue of security continues to be a vibrant topic of debate both nationally and internationally. Afghanistan has been on the agenda since August 15, with the Taliban movement moving rapidly and taking power in the country. Despite the fact that the Taliban has given the date on September 11 by the US, the forcing/deployment of all foreign soldiers to evacuate from Afghanistan at the end of August has caused anxiety both within the country and in its neighbors. The scene of terrorist attacks in the capital Kabul before the evacuation was completed has led to the emergence of new security problems. In this context, the eyes are turned to the geography where Afghanistan is located. In the field of security, the policies of the Central Asian states are determined by the geopolitical location of the region and the internal dynamics of the region. In this sense, the security policies of the Central Asian states are traditionally addressed at two levels. These are macro-level, i.e. the security policies they carry out (in the framework of organizations) together with the powerful countries of Central Asia, and micro-level threats / challenges that can affect the security and relations of the states in accordance with the national interests. When security policies are addressed at the macro level, military security is mainly meant. The region, which includes the countries of Central Asia, is seen as a district of military security after independence and in the period before/after September 11. Especially today, with the U.S. withdrawal from the region, Afghanistan is becoming a barut fist of the Central Asian region. The unstability in Afghanistan is a huge threat to the entire region. In this study, the policies of the regional states in terms of the above-mentioned levels will be assessed by macro-scale. The impact on Taliban’s success of neighbouring countries, which are closely tracking the developments in Afghanistan on the basis of historical and imaginary analysis methods in the framework of this “fair war”, will be understood. Russia, the successor of the Soviet Union, which has been fighting Taliban in the past, and other Central Asian countries will be sought for answers to questions such as why they now support it, the reasons for policy changes and what the expected consequences are. Are these links established by official means, through intelligence, and how are they carried out? Is there also the role of China in the victory of the Taliban, which traditionally does not look warmly to foreign interventions and is known for its pragmatic policy? So why do they now behave differently in Afghanistan while fighting against radical opinions in their own country? Some are concerned with the policies of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan, which are directly border with Afghanistan, from the regional countries that operate within the framework of Russia and the Collective Security Organization, all of which develop cooperation within the framework of the NATO Partnership Programme for Peace. These countries are 19. In the Great Game in the century, Russia was on the way to the region, and in the 1980s, Afghanistan was occupied by the Soviet Union. In the September 11 and subsequent period, Afghanistan was supported by the U.S. and the international coalition, and some — Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan — hosted military bases. What is their role in regional security policies and what will they be? What policies should we follow? The answer to these questions will be tried to be given in the study after a detailed examination of the Russian and regional sources.

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