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Türkiye’de Covid-19 pandemisinde birincil vakanın 11.03.2020 tarihinde görülmesinden itibaren hayatın birçok alanında önemli değişiklikler ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu alanlardan birisi eğitim alanıdır. Birincil vaka tespitiyle birlikte Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Türkiye genelinde iki hafta tatil kararı vermiştir. Ardından uzaktan eğitim başta olmak üzere çeşitli uygulamalarla eğitim-öğretimin devamını sağlamıştır. Bu araştırmanın odağında bu süreçteki uzaktan eğitim, Hayat Bilgisi dersi, öğretmenlerin kullandıkları öğretim yöntem/teknikleri ve materyal/araç-gereçleri bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, araştırmanın amacı, Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde donanımlı bir okulda uzaktan eğitim Hayat Bilgisi dersinin öğretmenlerin kullandıkları öğretim yöntem/teknikleri ve materyal/araç-gereçleri açısından incelenmesidir. Ayrıca, bu yöntem/tekniklerin ve materyal/araç-gereçlerin öğretmen görüşleri ve ders gözlemleri yoluyla uzaktan eğitim sürecine uygun olup olmadıklarını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan araştırmada durum çalışması deseni tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma grubunu, ölçüt ve kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemleri kullanılarak belirlenen 28 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri toplama araçlarından biri öğretmenlerin görüşlerini almak için kullanılan açık ve kapalı uçlu sorulardan oluşan ankettir. Diğeri 22 ders kaydının gözlem amaçlı incelenmesinde kullanılan gözlem formudur. Elde edilen verilerin betimsel ve içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmenlerin en çok öğrencilerin bireysel çalıştığı etkinlikler, soru-cevap yöntemi, bedensel hareketli etkinlikler, düz anlatım ve gösterip yaptırma yöntemleri başta olmak üzere çeşitli öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullandığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Materyal/araç-gereç olarak en çok görsel materyaller, ppt sunumlar ve eğitici videolar kullandıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, bu yöntem/tekniklerin ve materyal/araç-gereçlerin uzaktan eğitim Hayat Bilgisi dersi sürecine uygunlukları da öğretmen görüşleriyle değerlendirilmiştir.
In Turkey, since the primary vacancy of the Covid-19 pandemic was observed on 11.03.2020, significant changes have occurred in many areas of life. One of these areas is the education area. With the first case detection, the Ministry of National Education has issued a two-week vacation decision throughout Turkey. After that, distance learning provided the continuation of education-learning with various practices, primarily. The focus of this research is the distance learning in this process, the Life Knowledge course, the teaching methods/techniques that teachers use and the materials/instruments-tools. In this context, the purpose of the research is to study the life knowledge course in a school equipped with the Covid-19 pandemic process in terms of teaching methods/techniques and materials/instruments used by teachers. Furthermore, it is to determine whether these methods/techniques and materials/instruments are appropriate for the process of distance learning through teachers’ opinions and class observations. The quality research method used in the research has been preferred to the situation study model. The research group consists of 28 class teachers identified using measuring and easy-to-access sample methods. One of the data collection tools of the study is the survey consisting of open and closed end questions used to obtain the opinions of teachers. The other is the observation form used in the study for observation purposes of 22 class records. Imaginary and content analysis of the data obtained. The research has shown that teachers mostly use different teaching methods and techniques, including the individual activities, the question-response method, the physical activity, the straight narration and the methods of showing and making. Materials/instruments-by-the most visual materials, ppt presentations and educational videos have been achieved as a result of their use. In addition, the conformity of these methods/techniques and materials/instruments to the course of life knowledge distance education has also been assessed by the teacher’s opinions.
Significant changes have occurred in many areas of life since the first case in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Turkey was seen on 11.03.2020. One of these areas is the field of education. On the date of the primary case, the Ministry of National Education decided to issue a two-week holiday throughout Turkey. Then, the Ministry provided the continuation of education through various applications, especially distance education. The focus of this research was distance education, the Social Studies course, teaching methods/techniques, and materials/tools used by teachers in this process. In this regard, the aim of the research was to examine distance education Social Studies course in terms of the teaching methods/techniques and materials/equipment used by primary education in a school that was provided equipment and requirements for distance education, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Another aim was to determine their suitability for the distance education conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic process via teacher opinions and course observations. The research was designed as a case study, as one of the qualitative research types. The participants of the study were 28 teachers who were determined to be eligible for the study using criteria and convenience sampling methods. One of the data collection tools of the research was a questionnaire consisting of open- and closed-ended questions that were used to obtain the opinions of the teachers. The other was an observation form used in the observational examination of 22 course records. Descriptive and content analysis of the obtained data was performed. As a result of the research, it was seen that the teachers mostly used various methods and techniques, such as the activities of the students individually, the question-answer method, bodily activities, lectures, and demonstration methods. It was revealed that they mostly use visual materials, PowerPoint presentations, and educational videos as materials/tools. In addition, their suitability for the distance education Social Studies course process was also evaluated based on the opinions of the teachers.
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