Özet:

The development-focused studies of the Bingöl center in terms of historic environment and urbanism have been limited to indirect and a small number of academic studies until today. But from the past to the present, the changes and development of the city of Bingöl, which forms the center of this geography, which is located in the center of many transport routes from east to west and from north to south, and the near physical environment, have been curious about the elements that influence this change. In this review, the changes dates, causes, settlements and the conditions of urbanization and settlements of the settlements that are centered in the city or region of Bingöl were observed. In this regard, the names of the city or region from prehistoric periods to the present, its geographical location, geomorphological structure, demographic, administrative, military, political, social, geographical, cultural, etc. Thro its periods, its conditions have gained importance on the change and development of the city and its surroundings. The study in this framework has shown that important and strategic settlements and structures are placed from the early ages to the Middle Ages in the Bingöl Bay and around it in accordance with the conditions of the day. But in the subsequent period, it revealed that Bingöl and the central region began to disappear for various reasons in terms of environmental and development. The settlement unit that forms the administrative center of the area has gained a characteristic of the village that builds on this disintegration. The settlement unit and nearby area had no wide urbanization possibility and understanding. It has not created a broad and unique physical and cultural influence under these conditions. This situation continued largely until the first half of the Ottoman era and the Republican period. But recently it has been possible to talk about an environmental and urban understanding of the city. The establishment of the city in the Republic Period, the new place transferred with the development periods has been studied in terms of geomorphology and disasters exposure. It has been revealed whether the geomorphological characteristics of the area in which the city is currently located and whether the direction of development is compatible with geomorphology. Here, natural disasters affecting the city settlement, official private structures, etc. The circumstances have also been reviewed. For this purpose, the numerical height model (SYM) was created from the topography maps of the work area (10*10 m), the upward stairs and curved maps were obtained from the SYM. Through the creation of the city and the creation of the city and the creation of the city and the creation of the city and the creation of the city and the creation of the city. The study revealed the natural disasters that the city settlement of Bingöl has been exposed from the past to the present and suggested solutions. Landsat TM 5 and Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS satellite images of different periods of development and direction of the Bingöl city settlement have been used. The study used Landsat TM 5, Landsat 8 satellite images from 1985, 1990, 2000 and 2010. The different bands of the satellite images are ARCGIS 10. Combined with the 1 program (Composite Bands), the development period and direction of the city is determined.

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