Abstract:

In this article, the place and virtues of morality in Plato's idealist philosophy are discussed. In the context of moral philosophy, it has been tried to reveal what the principles of moral behavior are within the framework of Plato's system. The claim that the telos/purpose of moral action is happiness has been emphasized in Plato. The source of morality, which is based on happiness, is to reach the best (idea of good). Since Plato examines morality on the basis of knowledge, first of all, the distinction of episteme from doxa has been discussed. Later, the relationship that Plato established between God and morality was examined based on the Euthyphro dilemma. As in other areas of moral thought, Plato both divides the soul into parts and defines the virtues corresponding to the perfection of each soul. In each part of the study, the individual and social aspects of Plato's moral thought were examined and a general picture was depicted by associating the types of virtue with the parts of the soul. The aim of this study is to describe Plato's moral theory, which formed the basis of moral studies after him, within the framework of regular connections by making use of Plato's moral works. In this study, after Plato discussed that virtues are something that can be taught, it is concluded that all the virtues, which are considered singular, should be considered as a single virtue.