Abstract:

Ancient cities in the Turkestan area are essentially classified as “feudal city structures”. The basic element of the feudal city is the wall that surrounds the city and is erected to separate the city from external enemies, other feudal powers, steppe peoples, peasants, farmers, etc. The dynamics of the city- that is, its construction, demolition, reconstruction- is directly linked to the political and social life of the city or region. So, structures such as castles, walls, etc. provide information about the history and culture of the city. In old cities of Turkestan there were castles, fortresses, densely populated inner cities, narrow streets, markets, places of worship, shrines, public buildings, looms, dwellings of craftsmen and workers, and cemeteries in the outskirts of the city. In the outermost ring, there were vineyards, gardens, fields, animal pastures and population engaged in agricultural production. Cities were often surrounded by magnificent fortifications. These cities had regular plans and an official who maintain the city order. The accumulation of people and goods and the increase of adjacent dwellings did not only reveal the development of administration and culture, but also the growth of craft and trade, and large squares in the city structure. In this paper on ancient Turkic cities, evaluations will be made on issues such as the notion of the city in Turks and physical structure, places, plan, parts, defense systems of the city, city’s effects on the spirit and of society and art. Thus, it is aimed to focus on the enormous Turkestan heritage in city culture of Türkiye

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