Özet:

Nabizade Nazim was one of the first writers to come to mind when it comes to realism in the 19th century Turkish literature. It is also an important question in the works of Nabizade Nazim, who offers a literature in reality, philosophy and science, how human thought is presented and how it affects the fiction. When the works of Nabizade Nazim are assessed through the concept of conscious presentation that Dorrit Cohn has shown in his work, The Transparent Minds, it appears that the narrative and the hero's transmission of what passes through the minds, which plays an important role in the creation, is directly linked to realism. In this article, Zehra and all the stories, which is the only novel of Nabizade Nazim, based on the psycho-history and citated monologue, which are two concepts Cohn suggested for conscious presentation, are evaluated. The number of monologues quoted in his works is quite small in the general volume of stories, if necessary, as well as the number of use of psycho-histories, and they are marked by the use of a real one, such as nail signs, the change of timeline, celebrity and question signs, "this said" or "this thought". At the end of the point there are quoted monologues where only the change of the timeline, there are no other signs. The fewer number of citated monologues in this style is also associated with the desire of the narrative to not leave the word to the creature, i.e. not to lose its dominance within the narrative. In the works of Nabizade Nazim, the monologues are used to emphasize the distance between the narrative and the fictional being or to present intense emotional conditions. When the intense emotional situations are presented, the word is left to the imaginary existence, and the two-sided things, on the one hand, make the imaginary existence similar to a real person with all the emotional directions, while on the other hand, the narrative is able to present the situation in a "uninterrupted" way with the discretion of the narrative.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Özet:

Nabizade Nazım is primarily known as a realist writer of the 19th century Turkish literature. To him, a greater focus should be placed on science than literature so that literature can improve faster. Hence, he has put his ideas into practice through his scientific works, such as Katre (Drop), Aynalar (Mirrors), Muhtasar Yeni Kimya (Summary of New Chemistry) and Mesail-i Riyaziye (The Matters of Arithmetics), and various scientific articles. According to Nabizade Nazım, if there is an orientation toward literature, then poetry should be performed with a scientific and empiric approach that contains philosophical thoughts, rather than metres and rhymes, and short stories and novels through narratives in the style of Zola and Naturalism based on science and observations instead of certain imaginary and exaggerative narratives. While these narratives give literary pleasure, they should also enlighten the society and world of thought. In the works of Nabizade Nazım, which present a structure? interwoven with reality, philosophy and science, and the way human thought is presented and affects fiction were significant matters. In this article, Nabizade Nazım’s works will be interpreted through the presentation of consciousness introduced in Dorrit Cohn’s work Transparent Minds, and analysed through the notions of psycho-narration and quoted monologues, which are the means of revealing what is in fictional entity’s mind.