Abstract:

At the time of the Ottoman Empire, mines were not used for the country account due to the need for capitulations or insufficient industrial organizations. The Europeans, who took advantage of the capitulations, found the possibility of using Turkish mines for their own factories. The idea of the use of Turkish mines in the industrialization of Turkey was discussed at the Turkish Economic Congress held in İzmir on 17 February - 4 March 1923. In fact, the decisions made here have been implemented in the following years. The establishment of banks that will provide loans during the Atatürk period, the establishment of the MTA, the acquisition of the shares in foreign capital of sulfur, coal and bakery mines, the beginning of the rail/liman construction in the mining areas, the throwing of the foundations of the Karabük Factory are among the activities carried out in the mining field. After Atatürk's death on 10 November 1938 it appears that President-elected Ismet Inönü was trying to continue his activities during the Atatürk period. But the beginning of the Second World War brought with it some extraordinary practices. The national protection law, the property tax is within this scope. On January 26, 1940, the National Protection Act entered into force with the Business Bank's Mining Coal Business, Italian capital Turkish Coal Mining and other small enterprises were united under the administration of Etibank Ereğli Coal Enterprises and the "Law on the State Management of Yanks in the Ereğli Coal Pool" entered into force. Thus, the coal pool was governed. The great advancement in the mining field between 1939 and 1945 was the fact that the oil was found in Raman with economic value. The transition of copper mines to production, the increase in chromium production, made it possible to be used as a currency source for Turkey, especially in the war economy. The Karabük Steel Factory has also started its production activity again in the past years. In order to facilitate the transportation of mines, the transportation work was attempted to solve the nutrition/inventory problems of the mining workers.

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