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Türkiye’de 1928 yılında Arap harflerinden oluşan alfabe terk edilerek Latin harflerine dayanan yeni bir alfabe kabul edildi. Bu inkılap sonrası yeni alfabenin halka öğretilmesi amacıyla Millet Mektepleri kuruldu. Millet Mektepleri 1 Ocak 1929 tarihinde resmen faaliyete geçti ve bu ilk dönemde edinilen bilgilere göre bazı yeni düzenlemeler yapılarak 1 Kasım 1929 tarihinde ikinci dönemi açıldı. Çalışmanın amacı, Millet Mektepleri’nin bir eğitim kurumu olarak incelenmesi ve halk eğitimine katkılarının değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada, Harf İnkılabı’na kısaca değindikten sonra Millet Mektepleri teşkilatı incelenmiş sonra da halk eğitimine katkıları tartışılmıştır. Çalışma sırasında arşiv belgeleri, gazeteler, Meclis Tutanakları, basılı kaynaklar ve Millet Mektepleri’nde okutulan kitaplar kaynak olarak incelenmiştir. Özellikle ders içeriği konusu Millet Mektepleri’nden beklenenin ortaya konması amacıyla Millet Mektepleri talimatnamesinden yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Millet Mektepleri’nin ilk ve en önemli katkısının yeni alfabenin duyurulması ve tanıtılması olduğu söylenebilir. Bu aynı zamanda yeni bir dönemin de duyurulmasıdır. Millet Mektepleri ayrıca ülkedeki okuryazar oranının artmasına, halk eğitiminin daha kurumsal bir yapı kazanmasına da yardımcı olmuştur. Millet Mektepleri’nin ve okuma odalarının daha sonra açılacak Halkevleri ve Halk Odaları için birer prova niteliği taşıdığı da söylenebilir.
In 1928, the Arabic alphabet was abandoned and a new alphabet based on the Latin letters was adopted. After this incrust, the new alphabet was established for the purpose of teaching the people. The National Messages officially entered into operation on 1 January 1929 and according to the information obtained in this first period, some new regulations were made and the second period was opened on 1 November 1929. The purpose of the study is to study the National Documents as an educational institution and to evaluate their contribution to public education. In the study, after a brief reference to the Harf Inkılaba, the Organization of People's Messages was examined and the contribution to public education was discussed. During the study, archive documents, newspapers, parliamentary documents, printed sources and books read in the National Letters were studied as a source. Specifically, the content of the lesson was prepared using the instructions of the National Documents in order to reveal what was expected from the National Documents. It can be said that the first and most important contribution of the National Messages is the announcement and introduction of the new alphabet. This is also an announcement of a new period. The National Messages also to increase the number of readers in the country, and to gain a more institutional structure of public education. It can also be said that the National Messages and Reading Rooms will be opened later as a test for the People's Rooms and People's Rooms.
The alphabet which was formed with Arabic Letters was abandoned and replaced with a new alphabet based on Latin letters in Turkey in 1928. After this revolution, the Nation Schools were founded for the purpose of teaching the new alphabet to the public. The Nation Schools were officially activated on January 1, 1929. Its second term opened by making some arrangements for new experiences which it had earned in the first term. The aim of this study are to examine in detail the Nation Schools as an education institution and to argue about its assistance to public education. In the study, after the Alphabet Revolution, Nation Schools were examined as an institution and finally the contribution to public education was examined. Archive documents, newspapers, The Turkish Grand National Assembly Records, books, articles, and textbooks of Nation Schools were used during the study. The lesson content was prepared using The Nation Schools regulations book to show what the educational expectations were for the Nation Schools. The first and most important contribution of Nation Schools were to announce and introduce the new alphabet. At the same time, it was an announcement of a new era. The Nation Schools contributed to an increased rate of literate students and helped public education have more structure. Nation Schools and Reading Rooms were the precursor for the Nation Houses and Rooms which would open a couple of years later.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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