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Gelir eşitsizliği, günümüzde dünya ekonomisinin başlıca makroekonomik sorunlarından biri durumundadır. Bu sorunun giderilmesinde ortaya koyduğu iyimser bakış açısıyla özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler için önemli bir teorik temel sunan yakınsama hipotezi, bu bağlamda literatürdeki birçok çalışmaya da ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından önemli bir bölge olan Güney Amerika Ortak Pazarı Bölgesi (MERCOSUR) ülkeleri için yakınsama hipotezinin geçerliliği araştırılmıştır. Adı geçen ülkeler için 1960-2014 döneminin incelendiği çalışmada, durağanlık sınamasının yanı sıra koşullu ve mutlak yakınsamanın tespitine olanak sağlayan iki rejimli eşik otoregresif (TAR) model kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada doğrusal olmayan panel birim kök testiyle, rejimlerin tek tek ve birlikte durağanlığı analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, birinci rejim ve rejimlerin birlikte değerlendirildiği durumlarda serilerin birim köklü olduğu, sadece ikinci rejimde serilerin durağan olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yakınsama türünün analiz edildiği bir sonraki aşamada ise, ikinci rejimde koşullu yakınsama olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Income inequality is one of the main macroeconomic problems of the world economy today. The hypothesis of proximity, which offers an important theoretical basis, especially for developing countries, with the optimistic perspective it has shown in the resolution of this issue, has also been an inspiration for many studies in literature in this context. This study examined the validity of the proximity hypothesis for the countries of the South American Joint Market Area (MERCOSUR), which is an important region for developing countries. For the countries that passed the name, the 1960-2014 period was studied in the study, and the two-regime Otoregressive (TAR) model was used, allowing the test of stagnation as well as the detection of conditional and absolute proximity. In the study, with the nonlinear panel unit root test, the single and co-stability of the regimes was analyzed. The results of the analysis found that in cases where the first regime and regimes were evaluated together, the series were unitary, and only in the second regime the series were stable. In the subsequent phase when the type of approach was analyzed, the conclusion was that the second regime was conditional approach.
Income inequality is one of the main macroeconomic problems of the world economy today. The convergence hypothesis, which offers an important theoretical basis especially for developing countries with its optimistic perspective in eliminating this problem, has also inspired many studies in the literature in this context. In this study, the validity of the convergence hypothesis is investigated for the South American Common Market Area (MERCOSUR) countries, which is an important region about developing countries. In the study examining the period of 1960-2014 for the mentioned countries, the two-regime threshold autoregressive (TAR) model, which allows the determination of conditional and absolute convergence, is used as well as the stationarity test. In the study, the stationarity of the regimes individually and together is analyzed with the non-linear panel unit root test. As a result of the analysis, it is found that the series are unit rooted when the first regime and the regimes are evaluated together, while it is found that the series are stationary only in the second regime. In the next stage, in which the type of convergence is analyzed, it is concluded that there is conditional convergence in the second regime.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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