Özet:

Immediately after the Norman Styles, it is quite difficult to identify the English national identity due to the lack of a common language and culture between the invaders and those who have been invaded in Britain. In the Middle Ages, different languages were spoken in England, and the use of three languages in the written language was more common: the Latin, which was used before the invasion and the language of the church, the French, which was the legal language and spoken by the aristocrats, and the Anglo-Norman, which was preferred by the aristocrats for literary texts after the invasion. Geoffrey of Monmouth’s Latin History Regum Britanniae, Wace’s Roman de Brut, which was written in the Anglo-Norman language, Gaimar’s Estoire des Engleis, and Laamon’s Brut, which describes the historic development of Britain. However, none of these texts written in the twelfth century was written in English, and the texts primarily named did not emphasize the British or the British national identity. Due to the complexity of national identity that causes different languages and cultures in England, the need to use English as a common language has emerged. According to the expectations of aristocrats living in Britain, romance written in Latin, French and Anglo-Norman, with the flame of British national identity, the English of the Middle Ages and the English began to be told to the public in the streets and squares of Britain. The British national identity has been influential in the emergence of new cultural values and has gained importance by the public’s possession of these values. In Auchinleck's handwriting novels, which were written in the 14th century and are still stored in the Edinburgh National Library's handwriting unit, there is a commonly transmitted view that the British national identity appeared for the first time. But the novel Havelok the Dane, which was painted about a hundred years before the appearance of the romances in Auchinleck's handwriting, shows the English national identity. The aim of this study is to explore what the national identity is, how the national values are shaped, how the value judgments of society are changed, and how the hero possesses the values and consolidates them in the English language of the Middle Ages.

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